1. 5 th SEOUL INTERNATONAL MARITIME SEMINAR September 27, 2011 UPDATE ON PIRACY: AN INDUSTRY PERSPECTIVE JOSEPH ANGELO MANAGING DIRECTOR

2. PIRACY OVERVIEW 2010 Worldwide Statistics (IMB) - 445 attempted incidents - 107 fired upon - 196 boardings - 53 hijackings Major Locations (IMB) - 217 Somalia/Gulf of Aden/Red Sea - 40 Indonesia - 31 South China Sea - 23 Bangladesh - 19 Nigeria - 18 Malaysia

3. PIRACY - Somalia 2009 Statistics (IMB) - 217 attempted incidents - 114 fired upon - 1 boarded (not hijacked) - 47 hijackings (21% of incidents) 2010 Statistics (IMB) - 219 attempted incidents - 100 fired upon - 16 boarded (not hijacked) - 49 hijackings (22% of incidents)

4. PIRACY - Somalia Most recent 2011 statistics (8 Sept) 186 incidents 23 hijackings (12% of incidents) 399 seafarers taken hostage Currently 16 vessels and 301 seafarers being held hostage

5. Northernmost Attack 15 Jan 11 MV SAMHO JEWELRY (Pirated) Easternmost Attack 5 Dec 10 MV JAHAN MONI (Pirated) 2005 – 165 nm Off Coast 2006 – 200 nm Off Coast 2007 – 200 nm Off Coast 2008 – 445 nm Off Coast 2009 – 1,200 nm Off Coast 2010 – 1,500+ nm Off Coast 1,400 nm 1,450 nm 1750 nm Haradeere GEOGRAPHIC SPREAD 065E 15S Southernmost Attack 28 Dec 10 FV VEGA 5 (Pirated)

6. TRANSIT PATTERNS N / S transit of Arabian Sea vessels keeping ever further East – running out of Ocean! Many vessel now transiting up the 200m contour of the Coast

7. DEVELOPMENTS Military assessment is Somali pirates - will resume a high level of operations when the southwest monsoon subsides in Sept - use North Arabian Sea and Eastern African Approaches as “hunting ground” Reports that pirates are now banding together in some areas in large numbers to attack vessels in ‘swarms’

8. OVERALL PHILOSOPHY Eliminating piracy is a SHARED RESPONSIBILITY between the maritime industry and governments, BUT, Establishment of LAW AND ORDER on the high seas is the responsibility of governments

9. INTERTANKO FOCUS Actions members can take to protect themselves Actions we want governments to take to protect our members

10. FOCUS AREAS - INDUSTRY Best Management Practices (BMP) Citadels Armed guards

11. BMP Three essential requirements that cannot be over emphasized: Register with MSCHOA Report to UKMTO Implement Self Protection Measures

12. BMP4 Produced in consultation with EUNAVFOR, the NATO Shipping Centre, MSCHOA and UKMTO Very close cooperation with all military players in the BMP4 revision Funded by Industry and available free of charge

13. BMP4 Released August 15, 2011 (BMP3 issued 6/2010) Updates in BMP4 include: - Revision to the boundaries of the High Risk Area - Clarification of reporting requirements for MSCHOA and UKMTO - New subsection on “Prosecution of Pirates – Assisting Law Enforcement Authorities”, produced with INTERPOL - Guidance on the assistance provided by INTERPOL. - New section on Armed Private Maritime Security Contractors

14. COMPLIANCE WITH BMP MSCHOA – currently issuing regular Monthly Compliance Report to Industry Report lists vessels which are not compliant with BMP by either: 1. not Registering with MSCHOA 2. not Reporting to UKMTO 3. having no visible self protection measures

15. COMPLIANCE WITH BMP Industry is responding by: Contacting Shipping Companies on list Emphasising need for compliance with BMP, in particular the 3 major elements in order to harden a vessel against attack Urging compliance even if armed guards are being carried Requesting feed-back as to why vessels are not complying Offering advice and support

16. CITADELS Since January 2010 there have been 27 recorded incidents of citadels being used by merchant crews under attack Reporting suggests that the citadel was decisive in foiling 23 of these attacks For 4, not all in citadel and/or no 2-way coms Pirates developing tactics to breach citadels Advise issued by the military regarding the use of CITADELS on MSCHOA web site

17. CITADELS Key essential elements if citadels are to be used: Everyone on the ship must be in the citadel Must have self-contained, 2 way communication capabilities in the citadel Pirates must be denied access to propulsion Must have food and water provisions for 3 days minimum Use of a citadel does NOT guarantee a military response

18. CITADELS Industry developed guidance on citadels Describes the construction and use of a Citadel in order to provide effective protection against determined intrusion Guidance does not recommend or endorse the use of a Citadel; aim to present the relevant facts to enable the Ship Owner/Operator to reach a reasoned conclusion as to whether or not to utilise a Citadel Guidance has been approved by NATO, EUNAFOR and CMF and will be available on their web sites

19. ARMED GUARDS 30+ recorded incidents where onboard armed security teams were involved No recorded incidents of vessels with onboard armed security teams being pirated Military report use of armed guards rising If embarked, military request it is reported Military position – decision between shipowners and flag state

20. ARMED GUARDS Major concerns Legality for flag states and port states Serious potential safety concerns Major liability and insurance issues in the event of death or injury Risk of collateral damage Potential to provoke an escalation of fire power by the pirates (now using RPGs)

21. ARMED GUARDS INTERTANKO position regarding the use of armed guards INTERTANKO believes it is the responsibility of the international navies to ensure the right of free passage on the high seas including the use of vessel protection detachments on merchant ships INTERTANKO does not advocate the arming ships' crews INTERTANKO believes that the use of private armed guards or private security forces onboard merchant ships has to be a matter for each individual owner or manager to assess as part of their own voyage risk assessment

22. ARMED GUARDS Recognition of a need for Industry guidance May 2011 – Industry produces a set of Draft Guidelines for the use of Privately Contracted Armed Security Personnel Submitted draft guidelines to IMO Maritime Safety Committee for consideration MSC adopts interim guidance

23. ARMED GUARDS IMO Maritime Safety Committee (MSC 89) MSC.1/Circ.1405 – Interim Guidance to Shipowners, Ship Operators and Ship Masters on the use of Privately Contracted Armed Security Personnel on Board Ships in the High Risk Area MSC.1/Circ.1406 – Interim Recommendations for Flag States regarding the use of Privately Contracted Armed Security Personnel on Board Ships in the High Risk Area

24. FOCUS AREAS - GOVTS Increased "Government Will" to eradicate piracy off Somalia Cease the use of mother ships Increased prosecution of convicted pirates Increased naval assets in the region Increased public awareness to drive the desired increase in "Government Will“ Action to address the root cause of piracy ashore in Somalia

25. MOTHERSHIPS Mother ships give the pirates operational range, duration and tactical use of hostages in almost the entire Indian Ocean Motherships must be controlled/immobilised Major concern is reprisals against crew held hostage on motherships Controlling /immobilising action on the high seas is preferred It is for the military to decide on the nature of the action and for politicians to indicate their acceptance of the need for action to be taken.

26. PROSECUTION Few countries involved in counter-piracy activity have "conspiracy to commit piracy" on their statute books For others, carrying fire arms, grappling hooks, ladders, etc. is not a criminal offence on the high seas Capture and release policy has no effect upon piracy All countries must increase prosecutorial action

27. ASSETS Currently about 30 assets in the region European Union established an EU Naval Force (EUNAVFOR) Operation Atalanta Combined Maritime Force established CTF 151 China, India, Malaysia, Rep of Korea, Russia and others Standing NATO Maritime Group 1 (SNMG1) For one hour response time – 83 warships How long will the assets remain???

28. SOS CAMPAIGN SOS CAMPAIGN SaveOurSeafarers (SOS) campaign initiated by INTERTANKO. Joined by BIMCO, ICS, ITF and INTERCARGO Contracted with PR firm to increase public, business and government awareness Phase One – - Ad in Financial Times and World Street Journal - www.SaveOurSeafarers.com web sitewww.SaveOurSeafarers.com - Letters to UN SG, Heads of State and EU President - Interviews with press and news media - Press releases after incidents

31. SOS CAMPAIGN Phase Two – - Social media (Blog, Twitter, Facebook, etc) - Actively engage policy makers - Further ads, press releases and interviews - Seek high profile name to assist in cause Wider industry involvement, now includes support from 28 maritime associations/organizations Steering committee established to brainstorm ideas, prioritize work items and manage budget

32. RESULTS Results, thus far – 67,000+ visits to SOS website From 177 countries 21,000+ letters sent in 73 countries 4,100+ Facebook fans and 750+ followers on Twitter

33. FINAL THOUGHTS Register with MSCHOA Report ship position to UKMTO Utilize the Best Management Practices Employ Self Protective Measures Encourage your staff (ashore and on your ships) to visit the SOS web site and send the letters

34. THANKYOU!!WWW.INTERTANKO.COM