2.  Line- similar to a sentence in a paragraph  Stanza- a formal division of lines in a poem, considered as a unit. Often stanzas are separated by spaces. (like a paragraph)

3.  Iamb -a foot with one unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable  Rhythm-the pattern of beats, or stresses  Meter-a poem’s rhythmical pattern determined by the number of stresses in each line. Each syllable gets its own stress or unstressed symbol. ( = unstressed = stressed symbols)

4.  Feet - stressed and unstressed symbols divided by vertical lines. 2 syllables per foot.  Lines are described in the number of feet that occur in them.

5.  Dimeter: verse written in 2 foot lines. What do you say  Trimeter: verse written in 3 foot lines I know not whom I meet  Tetrameter: verse written in 4 foot lines I wandered lonely as a cloud  Pentameter: verse written in 5 foot lines All losses are restored and sorrows end

6.  Rhyme-the repetition of sounds at the end of words.  Rhyme scheme-a regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem indicated by using different letters for each new rhyme. Column 1Column 2Column 3 KnowSameMe DoughCameName YouLameMe ThroughTameCame PerhapsBear TrapsBlack

7.  Limerick – A humorous five line poem with a rhyme scheme of aabba. First, Second, and fifth lines have 9-10 syllables, and the 3 rd and 4 th lines have 5-6 syllables.  Haiku – three line poem that does NOT rhyme – 1 st line has five syllables, 2 nd line has seven syllables, and the third line has five syllables. They are often about nature.  Sonnet – A fourteen line lyric poem in iambic pentameter that has a rhyme scheme of ababcdcdefefgg.

8.  Free Verse – Poetry not written in a regular rhyming pattern or rhythm.  Narrative – poem that tells a story.  Lyrical – A poem that uses sound devices (alliteration, onomatopoeia, rhyme, rhythm…) to achieve a musical quality. It usually expresses the feelings of a lone speaker.

9.  Ballad – a song like poem that tells a story often about adventure or romance. It has verses that are 4-6 lines and a refrain that is repeated.  Blank Verse – unrhymed poetry written in iambic pentameter. Shakespeare often used this in his plays.

10.  Alliteration – repetition of initial consonant sounds  Ex. Suzy sells seashells at the seashore.  Assonance – repetition of vowel sounds.  Ex. How much would could a wood chuck, chuck…  Internal Rhyme – words rhyming within a line  Ex. The cat sat before he ate the rat.  Onomatopoeia – Use of words that imitate sounds  Ex. Bang, Swoosh, Snap, Crackle, Pop

11.  Literal Language – words follow their denotation or definition  Figurative Language – words mean something other than their denotation or dictionary definition Give the figurative and literal meanings for the following sentences.  She is hot.  Stick your foot in your mouth.  Eat your words.

12.  Metaphor – Comparison of two unlike things  Ex. Life is a highway.  Simile – Comparison of two unlike things using “like” or “as”  Ex. She is as sweet as candy.  Hyperbole – Extreme Exaggeration  Ex. I am so hungry that I could eat a horse.  Personification – Giving human characteristics to something not human  The wind sighed softly to itself.

13. In poetry words have deeper meaning than their literal dictionary definition. Oftentimes, one word or phrase can symbolize a concept or idea. The word stands for something more profound -- this is called symbolism.  Example:  Scales = Justice  Lion = Royalty or Courage