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1 Multi-Messenger approach in IceCube E. Resconi (Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg) LAUNCH, Heidelberg, 21-23 March 2007
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2 Multi-messenger Phase 1: Use cosmic rays + photons information HE neutrino sources identification (discovery !) Phase 2: Use cosmic rays + photons + neutrinos study hadronic interactions in astrophysical sites cosmic ray origin acceleration mechanisms Elisa Resconi CR
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3 Multi-messenger Phase 1: Use cosmic rays + photons information HE neutrino sources identification (discovery !) Elisa Resconi On-going activities Future (realistic) prospectives CR
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4 IceCube Observables Elisa Resconi Arrival time Incoming direction Estimated energy AMANDAAMANDA+IceCube ~ 5-7 nsec~ 3 nsec 2° - 3°< 1° ± 0.5 order of magnitude
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5 Elisa Resconi IceCube Methods 1. The diffuse flux Proton luminosity Upper bound HE flux K. Mannheim, R.J. Protheroe, J. P. Rachen, Phys.Rev. D63 (2001) 023003 AMANDA-II 4 years Cosmic RaysNeutrinos IceCube 1 year W&B MPR Multi-messenger argument
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6 Elisa Resconi 2. The point source search (time integrated) IceCube Methods
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7 Elisa Resconi 2. The point source search (time integrated) AMANDA-II: 2000-2004 (1001 live days), 4282 from northern hemisphere 24h 0h 15 o 30 o 45 o 60 o 75 o -3 -2 0 1 2 3 3 2 1 0 -2 No significant excess found IceCube Methods The IceCube coll., astro-ph/0611063,
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8 Elisa Resconi 2. The point source search (time integrated) IceCube Methods Non-thermal activity Single source candidate Multi-messenger argument Active Galactic Nuclei Mkn 4216 / 7.370.42 Mkn 5018 / 6.390.85 1ES1959+6505 / 4.770.78 3C2738 / 4.721.00 M876 / 6.080.49 Nr. Observed / Nr. expected Flux Upper Limit 10 -7 GeV cm -2 s -1 32 sources pre-selected The IceCube coll., astro-ph/0611063
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9 Elisa Resconi 2. The point source search (time integrated) IceCube Methods Non-thermal activity Single source candidate Multi-messenger argument X-ray Binary Systems SS4334 / 6.14 0.27 LSI +61 3035 / 4.81 0.74 Cyg X-18 / 7.01 0.77 Cyg X-37 / 6.48 0.68 Nr. Observed / Nr. expected Flux Upper Limit 10 -7 GeV cm -2 s -1 The IceCube coll., astro-ph/0611063 32 sources pre-selected
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10 Elisa Resconi 2. The point source search (time integrated) IceCube Methods 3C273 M. Ackermann, PhD Thesis AMANDA-II Limits, 1001 days
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11 Elisa Resconi 4. the point source search time optimized Non-thermal activity Single source candidate Multi-messenger arguments Transient behavior Search for transient Variability in astrophysics: an old problem a plethora of methods IceCube Methods
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12 Elisa Resconi 4. the point source search time optimized Phenomenology: selection of the “proxy” waveband(s) Statistics: light curve combination / interpretation Data Analysis: detection probability improvement IceCube Methods
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13 Elisa Resconi 4. the point source search time optimized IceCube Methods Mkn 421 Mkn 501 1ES1959+650 X- and -rays 3C273 Radio and X-rays Active Galactic Nuclei Phenomenology: selection of the “proxy” waveband(s)
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14 Elisa Resconi 4. the point source search time optimized IceCube Methods SS433 LSI +61 303 Cyg X-1 Cyg X-3 ….. Radio Periodicity (multiwavelength) Selection of the “proxy” waveband(s) X-ray Binary Systems Phenomenology: selection of the “proxy” waveband(s)
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15 Elisa Resconi 4. the point source search time optimized Statistics: light curve combination M. Tluczykont et al., JoP 60 (2007) 318-320 IceCube Methods
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16 Elisa Resconi 4. the point source search time optimized Statistics: light curve interpretation E.R. et al., JoP 60 (2007) 223-226 IceCube Methods Time Rate Maximum Likelihood Blocks: Light curve … … into time intervals … in which count rate constant (with a specified confidence) Based on maximum-likelihood (iterative)
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17 Elisa Resconi 4. the point source search time optimized Statistics: light curve interpretation E.R. et al., JoP 60 (2007) 223-226 IceCube Methods RXTE-ASM MLBs RXTE-PCA E.R., L. Costamante, A. Gross
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18 Elisa Resconi IceCube Methods Flares Errors related to the “degree of extrapolation” Less data, more extrapolation, bigger errors Non-gaussian shape (Mkn421, Mkn501, 1ES1959+650, PKS2155) Most-Probable-Value (MPV) as characteristic level IceCube Methods E.R., L. Costamante, A. Gross
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19 Elisa Resconi IceCube Methods Time windows of HE emission: neutrinos ??
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20 Good X- correlation “orphan” flare: difficult to be accommodated in leptonic models The hint: 1ES1959+650 X-ray: ASM, PCA -ray: Whipple
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21 Elisa Resconi 4. the point source search time optimized IceCube Methods Data Analysis: detection probability improvement P. Berghaus Preliminary
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22 Elisa Resconi 4. the point source search time optimized IceCube Methods Next tests: Mkn501, 1997, AMANDA-B10 2005 – 2006, AMANDA-II 2007, AMANDA+IceCube23
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23 Elisa Resconi 5. Future Prospective On-line Strategies Significant Neutrino Observation Neutrino Trigger of Multi-wavelength Campaign
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24 Elisa Resconi 5. Future Prospective: prototype test Prototype-test already done! NToT (see E. Bernardini et al …) AMANDA – MAGIC Alerts sent Reaction within one day 27th September to 27th November 2006 ( E. Bernardini et al., astro-ph/0509396 )
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25 Elisa Resconi Future Prospective Large Field of View: ~2 High Duty Cycle (60-70%) Off-line efforts for optimal searches CR Multi-Messenger Arguments: CR energetic Multi-wavelength picture of non-thermal sources Models …..
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26 Elisa Resconi Future Prospective Large Field of View: ~2 High Duty Cycle (60-70%) On-line efforts: go to phase 2
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27 Elisa Resconi “ Perfect ” place to pursued this type of physics
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28 Elisa Resconi
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29 Elisa Resconi 2. The point source search (time integrated) IceCube Methods Multi-messenger argument The IceCube coll., astro-ph/0611063
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