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Published byCoral Hensley Modified over 9 years ago
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CHAPTER 15: THE BRITISH ISLES & NORDIC NATIONS HONORS WORLD GEOGRAPHY
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PRE BELL W ithout looking it up in the text, what do you think the difference is between England, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom? Answer in a 3-5 complete sentence paragraph!!
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SECTION 1: ENGLAND British Isles- islands clustered off the northwest corner of Europe – Largest island is Great Britain Island of Great Britain is made up of three formally independent nations- Scotland, Wales, and England The above three, accompanied by Northern Ireland, comprise the United Kingdom – The core country of the United Kingdom is England (80% of the population lives here)
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England is made up of three distinct regions: – Highlands- band of hills that run the length of England’s west coast; rocky and difficult to farm – Midlands- heavy coal and industrial region; highest population densities are in this region – Lowlands- located to the south and east; fertile farming area The English capital and most important port city is London.
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Great Britain is historically important for many reasons, but one of the most significant is that the Industrial Revolution began there. This happened in GB for several key reasons: – Bountiful supply of resources – New technological developments – Skilled and educable labor force – Wealth available for investment – Population explosion/demand for goods increased – Stable government and strong military
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Today, with much of the raw materials/resources depleted, Britain relies more on tertiary (service based) industries to fuel the economy. ASSIGNMENT!!! TO BE TURNED IN AT THE END OF CLASS!!! – HOW DID EACH OF THE FOLLOWING CONTRIBUTE TO ENGLAND’S ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT? ATLANTIC OCEAN, THAMES RIVER, PENNINE MOUNTAINS, LOWLANDS, MIDLANDS
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SECT. 2: SCOTLAND AND WALES Scotland occupies about 1/3 of the United Kingdom land, but less than 10% of the UK population lives there. The rugged landscape is said to be the main reason why. Scotland is divided into three regions: – Northern highlands- high plateau with many lochs- lakes. Highlands are covered in moors- broad, treeless plains. The moors are dotted with bogs- areas of wet, spongy ground. The main economic activities here are fishing and sheep herding.
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– Central Lowlands- long, lowland region where 75% of Scotland’s population lives. It was once a major industrial region. – Southern Uplands- closest area to the English border, so there is a greatly English influence here. This area is also primarily a sheep raising region. Wales is a peninsula of Great Britain. It is about the size of our state of Massachusetts and its land/terrain is very similar to that of Scotland.
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One thing that helps Wales maintain somewhat of a unique identity is their Welsh language. Twenty percent (20%) of the population still speaks Welsh, not English, as their primary language. Today both Scotland and Wales are having great economic success in high tech industries like electronics.
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