1. Presidential Leadership
Ch. 9

2. Sources of Presidential Powers Lesson 1

3. The Constitution is broad but vague when it comes to the powers of the President.
It says
“that the executive power of the nation will be vested in a president”

4. Constitutional Powers
Two major reasons for a strong executive government -The founders recognized the need for a strong executive branch to overcome the weaknesses of the Confederation government and to hold the legislative branch in check -The Founders distrusted direct participation by the people in decision making. They wanted a strong executive branch that would protect liberty, private property, and businesses

5. Inherent Powers – powers not described in the Constitution, but that have been claimed by presidents
Presidents have expanded Presidential power by using the loose interpretation of the Constitution.

6. Informal Sources of Power
Presidents have added to their powers by their actions (Jefferson)
Immediate need of the nation (sometimes congress gives presidents special powers for a limited time) (Lincoln)
Executive Privilege the right of the president and other high executive officers to refuse to testify before congress or a court

7. Cont.
Modern presidents claim their ideas and policies represent a mandate from the people, and they use all forms of mass media to build support for their ideas. (Forum)

8. Limits of Presidential Power
Congress can override a veto or impeach the president
The Supreme Court can overturn presidential actions
Federal bureaucracy sometimes limits presidential power by obstructing programs or failing to carry them out properly
Public opinion can limit the president’s actions (ex. Vietnam war) (watch video)

9. How can public opinion limit the president’s power?

10. Chapter 9 – Sec. 1 – Presidential Powers
Why did the founder want a strong central government? (2 reasons)
List the Presidential Powers granted in the Constitution.
List the informal sources of Presidential Power.
Define Executive Order, Mandate, and impeach
List the ways Presidential Powers are limited according to the Constitution.
Name the seven roles of the President

11. Roles of the President Lesson 2, 3, & 4

12. Head of State Represents the nation at ceremonial functions
Is considered more than a politician, but rather a symbol of the entire United States

13. Chief Executive Head of the executive branch
Influences how laws are executed through executive orders, presidential appointments, removal of appointed officials, and impoundment
Grant pardons, reprieves, or amnesty

14. Commander in Chief Shares with Congress the power to wage war
Makes key military policy decision, Shadow War
Supports war efforts on the home front during wars
May use the armed forces to end disorders and give aid in natural disasters

15. Commander and Chief cont.
After 9/11 President Bush expanded the presidential powers with the passage of the Patriot Act – this act gave the executive branch the right to gather information on possible suspects of terrorism
National Security – protection of the nation
Military Tribunal – military court designed to try members of enemy forces during wartime

16. Chief Diplomat
Directs foreign policy and oversees foreign affairs information agencies
Makes treaties, with Senate approval
May make, executive agreements
Sole power to recognize foreign governments

17. Chief Legislator
Proposes legislation to Congress, usually in the State of the Union Address
Must work harder for congressional support when Congress is controlled by the opposition party
May use political favors to gain congressional support
Has the threat of the veto to influence Congress

18. Economic Planner Holds important economic powers
Promotes high employment, production, purchasing power
Required to prepare the federal budget each year, helped by the Council of Economic Advisers
Appoints board of the Federal Reserve System

19. Party Leader Help raise party funds and plan campaign strategies
Uses political patronage to appoint party members to government jobs

20. Do you think a president with military experience makes better decisions as commander in chief? Explain your answer

21. -Make a foldable describing the Seven Roles of the President
-must include key terms and they must be underlined
– Turn in for a grade
Rubik
Title……………………10 points
Seven Roles…………70 points (10 points each)
Neatness……………..10
Followed Instructions..10
Total points – test grade