1. 1 U.S. International Efforts to Promote Compatibility and Interoperability with the Global Positioning System KEN HODGKINS DEPUTY DIRECTOR OFFICE OF SPACE AND ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE

2. 2 U.S. Policy Consistent national policy statements from Executive and Legislative BranchesConsistent national policy statements from Executive and Legislative Branches –Congressional guidance, 1983 –Presidential Decision Directive, March 28, 1996 –U.S. Public Law, December 1998 –U.S. Space-based Positioning, Navigation and Timing Policy, December 15, 2004 Civil GPS signals to be provided free of direct user charges (since 1983)Civil GPS signals to be provided free of direct user charges (since 1983) Selective Availability ended on May 2000 by Presidential directiveSelective Availability ended on May 2000 by Presidential directive Promote common and open standards for worldwide interoperabilityPromote common and open standards for worldwide interoperability

3. 3 U.S. GPS Policy, cont’d. Promote acceptance and use of GPSPromote acceptance and use of GPS Encourage acceptance of GPS into peaceful civil, commercial and scientific applications Encourage acceptance of GPS into peaceful civil, commercial and scientific applications Promote international cooperation in using GPS for peaceful purposes Promote international cooperation in using GPS for peaceful purposes Promote safety and efficiency in transportation Promote safety and efficiency in transportation Strengthen and maintain national security Strengthen and maintain national security

4. 4 Compatibility and Interoperability Compatibility and Interoperability CompatibilityCompatibility –not cause interference that unacceptably degrades the stand-alone service that the other system provides InteroperabilityInteroperability –provide improved performance compared to stand alone system, i.e., user gets solutions that are better than or equal to that achieved by either system alone Goal – Seamless worldwide service for all civil and commercial usersGoal – Seamless worldwide service for all civil and commercial users

5. 5 June 2004 U.S.-European Union Agreement June 2004 U.S.-European Union Agreement Signed on June 26, 2004 in DublinSigned on June 26, 2004 in Dublin Key provisions:Key provisions: –Baseline GALILEO L1 signals that both sides agree are interoperable and compatible with GPS “Compatibility” includes both radio frequency and national security aspects“Compatibility” includes both radio frequency and national security aspects –Number of articles to promote open markets and fair trade –Agreement to establish four follow-on working groups A: Compatibility/interoperabilityA: Compatibility/interoperability B: TradeB: Trade C: Cooperation on next-generation satnavC: Cooperation on next-generation satnav D: National securityD: National security

6. 6 Working Group Status Working Group A (Compatibility/Interoperability)Working Group A (Compatibility/Interoperability) –March 2005 – Brussels Focus on terms of reference and work programFocus on terms of reference and work program L1F/L1C signal optimizationL1F/L1C signal optimization GPS-GALILEO time offset (GGTO) and reference framesGPS-GALILEO time offset (GGTO) and reference frames L5/E5a compatibilityL5/E5a compatibility –June 2005 – Los Angeles Further discussion on same topics as 1 st meetingFurther discussion on same topics as 1 st meeting EU L1F optimized signalEU L1F optimized signal –October 2005 – Fucino, Italy

7. 7 Working Group Status Remaining Working Groups -Remaining Working Groups - Working Group B (Trade)Working Group B (Trade) Working Group C (Next Generation)Working Group C (Next Generation) Working Group D (National Security)Working Group D (National Security)

8. 8 GPS-GLONASS Activities Joint Statement December 10, 2004Joint Statement December 10, 2004 Key provisions agreed to by both sides:Key provisions agreed to by both sides: –Maintain interoperability and compatibility of GPS and GLONASS –Cooperate on matters of mutual interest related to PNT signals and systems, value added services, and global navigation and timing goods in relevant international organizations and fora –Will continue to provide GPS and GLONASS civil signals on a continuous, worldwide basis, free of direct user fees –Agreement to establish two follow-on working groups 1: Compatibility/interoperability1: Compatibility/interoperability 2: COSPAS-SARSAT2: COSPAS-SARSAT

9. 9 GPS-GLONASS Working Group Status GPS-GLONASS Working Group Status Working Group 1 (Compatibility & Interoperability)Working Group 1 (Compatibility & Interoperability) October 2005 – Moscow Working Group 2 (COSPAS-SARSAT)Working Group 2 (COSPAS-SARSAT) June 2005 – London June 2005 – London March/April 2006 - Russia March/April 2006 - Russia

10. 10 U.S.-Japan Cooperation GPS and QZSS Based on 1998 Joint StatementBased on 1998 Joint Statement Common standardsCommon standards Systems use GPS L1, L2, and L5Systems use GPS L1, L2, and L5 QZSS will improve performance in urban canyons and mountainsQZSS will improve performance in urban canyons and mountains U.S. and Japan have been conducting scheduled technical working groups to ensure interoperabilityU.S. and Japan have been conducting scheduled technical working groups to ensure interoperability Plenary Meeting held November 2004Plenary Meeting held November 2004

11. 11 OTHER PARTNERS -- BRAZIL -- AUSTRALIA -- KOREA -- INDIA -- ICG

12. 12 General Summary Cooperation addresses national security, economic, and technical issuesCooperation addresses national security, economic, and technical issues Provide on a continuous basis civil space-based, positioning, navigation, and timing services free of direct user feesProvide on a continuous basis civil space-based, positioning, navigation, and timing services free of direct user fees Provide open, free access to information necessary to develop and build equipment to use these servicesProvide open, free access to information necessary to develop and build equipment to use these services