1. Today How did the rise of authoritarian regimes ultimately lead to the Second World War? Fascism in Europe Militarism in Japan

2. Fascism in Europe What are the characteristics of a fascist regime? What led to the rise of fascism in Italy?

3. Fascism in Europe What are the characteristics of a fascist regime? extreme nationalism, loyalty to the state strong leader support from middle class and military active government ( not passive )

4. Fascism in Europe What led to the rise of fascism in Italy? discontent with Treaty of Versailles economic turmoil minimal support for existing government Mussolini founded Fascist Party in 1919 March on Rome in 1922  King Emmanuel III abdicates and Mussolini becomes “ Il Duce ”

5. Fascism in Europe

7. Militarism in Japan What led to a militarist Japan? Rise of nationalism during Meiji Restoration –modern military –centralized government –universal education –Japanese language Pursuit of imperialism Growing animosity with the West after WWI Military leaders gain political control

8. Early Acts of Aggression Italy invades Ethiopia 1935 Japan invades Manchuria in 1931

9. Early Acts of Aggression Japan invades China in 1937

10. Early Acts of Aggression Germany takes over Austria, Czechoslovakia, and Poland in 1937 - 1939

11. Alliances Form What led to the formation of the Axis Power? 1936: Both Hitler and Mussolini offered military aid to Franco during Spanish Civil War Rome - Berlin - Tokyo Axis : military alliance between Germany, Italy, and Japan –Defend each other against nations who might interfere with expansion –Combat the spread of communism