1. U.S. History Unit 4 Standards: SSUSH7 a-e

2.  Early US Industrialization

3.   Late 1700s-1800s  Began in Britain but spread west  Advances in technology led to economic changes  Factories transformed manufacturing  Impacted trade and global economy The Industrial Revolution

4.   New inventions had great impact  1793 cotton gin processed cotton faster  South became “cotton kingdom”  Southern plantation owners got rich  Made the South dependent on slave labor  Also introduced interchangeable parts for muskets that will spread to other industries Eli Whitney

5.   Samuel Slater – factory system  Robert Fulton – steamboat  Samuel Morse – telegraph  John Deere – steel plow  Cyrus McCormick – mechanical reaper  Sectionalism – economic, social, cultural and political differences that exists between different parts of the country. Impact of Technology

6.  Manifest Destiny

7.   Mexico controlled Texas in the early 1800s  Large number of US settlers living there  1834, Santa Anna took power  Texas, under Sam Houston launched rebellion  Declared independence on March 2, 1836  Led to war and the stand at the Alamo  Texas won and became a republic until 1845  Was not annexed by US due to slave issue Texas Independence

9.   Texas was critical issue  James K. Polk was “dark horse” winner  Won on issue of annexing Texas and Oregon  John Tyler called for joint resolution of Congress  Texas was admitted as a slave state in 1845  Oregon admitted in 1846 after Britain gave it up Election of 1844

10.   Polk sent troops to the border  Slidell to Mexico to settle border disputes  Mexico refused to meet and US troops moved into the disputed territory  Mexican troops attacked, war declared  US won easily when Scott took Mexico City War with Mexico

11.   Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo in 1848  US purchased New Mexico and California  Boundary disputes continued  Gadsden Purchase gave US all of the remaining territory for $10 million.  Completed continental expansion  Gold was discovered in California in 1849 leading to rapid increase in population in the territories Treaty and Purchase

12.  Jacksonian Democracy

13.   Supporter of manifest destiny  Identified with the “common folk”  Denounced “corrupt bargain” in election of 1824  Won presidency of 1828  Inspired Jacksonian Democracy – western expansion and universal suffrage  Rewarded his supporters using spoils system  Favored strict interpretation of Constitution and laissez- faire economics  Actions contributed to national depression in 1837  Two party system returned with Jackson’s Democrats and the opposition Whigs Andrew Jackson

14.   Native Americans viewed as obstacle to expansion  US forced Indians off lands for settlement  Jackson supported Georgia’s removal of Cherokee  Trail of Tears – forced march of Cherokee to Oklahoma in 1838 Indian Removal

15.  Social Reforms

16.   Education influenced by Horace Mann  Believed education crucial to democracy  Men and women should have access  Created state Board of Education in MA  Temperance movement wanted to moderate alcohol  Convinced states to pass laws prohibiting sale Education and Temperance

17.   Gained following in 1830s  South depended on slave economy  Northern movement to abolish led by middle class  Black abolitionists were former slaves Abolitionist Movement

18.   Women supported other movements but faced discrimination  Elizabeth Cady Stanton organized first convention  Seneca Falls Conference in 1848 called for women’s suffrage  Susan B. Anthony became a leader Women’s Rights