1. Collimation Overview 28 October 2008 LARP CM11, Fermilab Tom Markiewicz/SLAC BNL - FNAL- LBNL - SLAC US LHC Accelerator Research Program 1)Short Status Report Rotatable Collimator T980 Crystal Collimation at Tevatron UA9 Crystal Collimation at SPS 2)Critical Issues Cost to complete, schedule, technical risk, interface with CERN plans & activities, APL, FY10 and beyond, ….

2. LARP CM11 - 28 October 2008Collimation Summary - T. MarkiewiczSlide n° 2 / 32 Rotatable Collimator 1.Build one collimator jaw and test with 10kW resistive heaters to verify thermo-mechanical performance: COMPLETE 2.Build a full working 2-jaw collimator and after lab qualification, subject it to beam tests at CERN: IN PROGRESS Robustness in new devoted beamline Performance beam

3. LARP CM11 - 28 October 2008Collimation Summary - T. MarkiewiczSlide n° 3 / 32 Final Jaw Braze 22 April 2008

4. LARP CM11 - 28 October 2008Collimation Summary - T. MarkiewiczSlide n° 4 / 32 Machine Flat Facets and Groove for Heater Test Final brazing was a success! Flat facets and grooves for heater tests and thermocouple holes have been machined. Within 25 micron tolerance along facet surface.

5. LARP CM11 - 28 October 2008Collimation Summary - T. MarkiewiczSlide n° 5 / 32 10kW External Heater Thermal Test Setup Heater cable Water flow control Jaw in support stand Heaters strapped on jaw Water flow tube Extra heater

6. LARP CM11 - 28 October 2008Collimation Summary - T. MarkiewiczSlide n° 6 / 32 Comparison of Sagitta & Temperature with ANSYS as a function of angle with respect to heater Jaw with two 5 kW heaters modeled Includes accurate representation of Water flow/temp change Material properties Thermal expansion Heat flow / thermal conductivity Data ~10% larger than ANSYS

7. LARP CM11 - 28 October 2008Collimation Summary - T. MarkiewiczSlide n° 7 / 32 Results of Bake-Out test: 1.2E-09 torr for 1 jaw in a vacuum vessel and Clean RGA after “standard” PEP-II 200°C Process N2 CO 2 Zero hydrocarbons (mass >40)

8. LARP CM11 - 28 October 2008Collimation Summary - T. MarkiewiczSlide n° 8 / 32 Final Prototype Construction Material, fabrication & contracts for jaws in progress –We are planning for enough parts for 3 jaws when 2 are needed –6 Moly half shafts ordered July 17; 3 arrive (damaged) Oct 13 –Large order of Glidcop for jaws placed Oct 2 with Dec 9 delivery –Multi-stage contract for mandrel (and all other) precision machining being negotiated: critical path: bids hopefully Nov 17 Design changes to jaw support and jaw fabrication procedure RF impedance tests/calculations & continually evolving RF design

9. LARP CM11 - 28 October 2008Collimation Summary - T. MarkiewiczSlide n° 9 / 32 RF Design Low resistance RF contact Slot for Spiral RF Spring Short RF Test Jaw with End Socket mounted Bearing Race SiN4 balls UNDER STUDY Contact Resistance Measurements Stretched Wire Impedance Measurements Trapped mode study using Omega3P

10. LARP CM11 - 28 October 2008Collimation Summary - T. MarkiewiczSlide n° 10 / 32 T980 Crystal Collimation at Tevatron Greatly improved T980 hardware and beam diagnostics installed in the Tevatron tunnel on August 28, 2008

11. LARP CM11 - 28 October 2008Collimation Summary - T. MarkiewiczSlide n° 11 / 32 T980 Crystal Collimation at Tevatron First End-of-Store studies on Sept 14 and Oct 3, 2008 Crystal aligned First angle scan produces channeling results! Fixes and improvements in the tunnel on Oct. 23. Request for next EOS for October 30-31.

12. LARP CM11 - 28 October 2008Collimation Summary - T. MarkiewiczSlide n° 12 / 32 T980 Crystal Collimation at Tevatron Management Discussions Support of Phase I goals/plans (until Spring 2009): Measure channeled, volume-reflected and scattered beams as well as beam losses downstream of the crystal setup in comparison with simulations. Demonstrate reproducible beam loss reduction in the B0 and D0 in comparison with simulations, aiming at a routine use of crystal-based collimation in the Tevatron stores. Plans for Phase II (>Spring 2009) are subject to another review and 2009-2010 Collider Run plans.

13. LARP CM11 - 28 October 2008Collimation Summary - T. MarkiewiczSlide n° 13 / 32 Interplay and Timecales of T980 and UA9

14. LARP CM11 - 28 October 2008Collimation Summary - T. MarkiewiczSlide n° 14 / 32 UA9: Crystal Collimation at SPS Post CM10, executive decision to commit $200k of FY08 “uncommitted funds” to SPS Crystal experiment –Synergy of equipment and people –Secure single particle crystal study in event Tevatron Phase II of T980 does not happen –US to provide Roman Pot#2 ($100k) and detectors ($100k)

15. LARP CM11 - 28 October 2008Collimation Summary - T. MarkiewiczSlide n° 15 / 32 Progress & Plans of UA9 Roman Pot#2: ballistic –SLAC engineers modify detector mount and overall dimensions of existing RP design, begin buying vacuum components, contract mechanical designer, US and European vendors Silicon detectors, PIN Diodes: –Discussions in progress, mediated by Peggs Como group (Prest) for silicon detectors FNAL (Mokhov, Tsesarek) for PIN diode system Administrative: MOUs, Team $ accounts: In progress Collaboration: 2 circles of communication –Weekly WEBEX with SLAC, BNL, CERN –Asynchronous bilateral interactions between BNL, CERN, SLAC, INFN –Physics studies, prep for data analysis, etc.

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20. LARP CM11 - 28 October 2008Collimation Summary - T. MarkiewiczSlide n° 20 / 32 Issues Critical to ALL of LARP Rotatable collimator has been single costliest Accelerator System activity in FY2008 and FY2009 (950k$ each year) ~1/3 of the Accelerator Systems budget “Hard Deliverable” of functioning prototype due just early in FY2010 LARP highly desires –“On time, under budget” completion –Technical success What are risks and how do we manage them? Post Prototype Delivery Collimation Program –Continued involvement in Phase II Collimation project If RC chosen for some of the 30 Phase II slots If RC not Chosen LARP or APL?

21. LARP CM11 - 28 October 2008Collimation Summary - T. MarkiewiczSlide n° 21 / 32 Performance Risks Will thermal-mechanical testing of the first jaw validate the shaft-hub- jaw design that should limit maximum jaw deflection into the beam area to 230 microns for 10 second bursts of 60kW beam absorption Will the mechanical accuracy of the device be adequate (40 um) Will the basic jaw-adjustment and jaw-rotation work as planned Will the effective impedance and RF characteristics of the jaw and the transition to the vacuum tank aperture be adequate Will the device vacuum be sufficiently low When damaged by an aborted beam, will the extent of damage be sufficiently localized to allow rotation to a clean surface, as planned

22. LARP CM11 - 28 October 2008Collimation Summary - T. MarkiewiczSlide n° 22 / 32 Issues (1) RC project targets end of CY09 LHC run as delivery date for prototype –Technical problems always as possibility Example: For test jaw 1 st mandrel destroyed by vendor and 2 nd mandrel damaged, but recovered, in a brazing faux pas Example: Production shafts arrive late, incomplete & damaged Planning of High Intensity Test Beam (TT60) for robustness tests beginning –Completion targeted for 2010 –Tests in 2010-2011 (6-9 months later than current plan) SLAC had de-scoped to one test jaw and one prototype, need to plan for what gets destructively tested and what can be tested in LHC –2 prototypes? –1 prototype and a hunk of copper in a 2 nd vacuum tank w/steppers? –Removable insert for robustness tests + full prototype?

23. LARP CM11 - 28 October 2008Collimation Summary - T. MarkiewiczSlide n° 23 / 32 Issues (2) Technical inadequacy of SLAC design –Scope creep: Integrated BPMs part of CERN design, not (yet) SLAC’s –(Mis)communication: Respect all agreements: No braze joints in vacuum No Beryllium 1E-9 level vacuum  Cu-Ni tubing instead of OFE Copper for water cooling  Improved external mechanics and lessons learned from Phase I –Written & signed technical handshake advised Interface with APL New tertiary collimators: no idea what Phase II secondaries: state mission need as placeholder Phase II primaries: 1 st mention (for me) Cryo-collimators: CERN-GSI only Advanced: Crystal, Electron lens not in APL, R&D continues

24. LARP CM11 - 28 October 2008Collimation Summary - T. MarkiewiczSlide n° 24 / 32 Issues (3): Future T980 and UA9 –Natural tendency is to continue this research up to and including installation of crystal ‘scrapers’ in LHC –After FY08-09 M&S outlay, budget is (as usual) manpower & travel –Whether, when or how to sunset this activity RC: as planned and often shown 2009:Finish all parts and assemble into a vacuum tank compatible with Phase I adjustment mechanism = RC; Mechanically test RC, ship and install in SPS/LHC 2010:Collimator tests at LHC & Final drawing package for CERN 2011:Await production & installation of chosen design(s) by CERN 2012:Commissioning support