1. Punic Wars 246 BCE-146 BCE

2. Carthage  Founded by the Phoenicians (813 BCE)  Began as a small port on the coast of Africa used to re-supply and repair ships  Became the wealthiest and most powerful city in the Mediterranean before the creation of Rome  Had the best navy in the Mediterranean Sea

3. Carthage

4. Summary of the Punic Wars  Rome vs. Carthage  Three wars  Lasted 100 years  Fought in Italy, Sicily, Spain & Carthage  Ended with the destruction of Carthage

5. Rome & Carthage Before the Wars

6. 1st Punic War: Sicily Causes  Italian city in Sicily was attacked  City asked the Romans & Carthaginians for help  Carthage arrived first but helped the enemy instead  Carthage decided to conquer Sicily  Romans declared war on Carthage to prevent them from gaining power

7. 1st Punic War: Sicily Events  Romans built a navy  260-256 BCE: Rome won two major battles before moving to attack Africa  241 BCE: Rome defeated Carthage at sea

8. 1st Punic War: Sicily Results  Rome conquered Carthage’s colonies in Sicily  Sicily became Rome’s first overseas territory  Carthage no longer had the most powerful navy & agreed to pay Rome for damages made during the war

9. After the 1st Punic War  Rome conquered Sardinia & Corsica (islands)  Carthage conquered a large part of Spain

11. 2nd Punic War: Spain & Italy Causes  221 BCE: Hannibal became the Carthaginian general in Spain  Hannibal fought Rome’s allies in Spain to gain more power  Gathered 40,000 troops, 12,000 cavalry (soldiers on horses) and 40 elephants to launch an attack on Rome

13. 2nd Punic War: Spain & Italy Events  Carthaginians marched through the Alps  Won many battles in the beginning  Romans elected a dictator to prevent Hannibal from entering the city of Rome  216 BCE: Romans were surrounded and defeated  207 BCE: Romans rebuilt their army & began attacking Carthage in Spain and Africa  203 BCE: Hannibal left Italy to protect Carthage from attack

16. 2nd Punic War: Spain& Italy Events  ½ of Carthage’s army died crossing the Alps  Rome’s army was almost completely destroyed  Carthage had to give Spain to the Romans & pay war damages  Carthage’s empire was almost destroyed

17. 3rd Punic War: Africa Causes  Carthage became strong and wealthy again  Romans saw Carthage as a threat  149 BCE: Carthage broke a peace treaty they made with Rome by attacking a Roman ally in Africa  Rome declared war by sending troops to Africa to protect their ally

18. 3rd Punic War: Africa Events  Romans set up blockades on land and at sea to prevent the Carthaginian troops from moving or trading  146 BCE: Carthage was defeated

19. 3rd Punic War: Africa Results  Romans took Carthaginians as slaves, burned the city down and took Carthage as their property  Rome conquered the Macedonians & created an empire than stretched from Spain to Asia Minor  Rome gained total control over the Mediterranean