1. THE FORD AND CARTER YEARS
CHAPTER 32, SECTION 3

2. QUIZ 1. WHO SUCCEEDED RICHARD NIXON AS PRESIDENT?
2. WHO WON THE 1976 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION?
3. WHAT STATE WAS THE WINNER FROM?
4. THE CAMP DAVID ACCORDS WAS A PEACE TREATY BETWEEN WHAT TWO NATIONS?
5. WHAT NATION WAS TAKEN OVER BY ISLAMIC MILITANTS IN 1979?

3. IMPORTANT TERMS GERALD R. FORD JIMMY CARTER NATIONAL ENERGY ACT
HUMAN RIGHTS
CAMP DAVID ACCORDS
AYATOLLAH KHOMEINI

4. “MY FELLOW AMERICANS, OUR LONG NATIONAL NIGHTMARE IS OVER.”
GERALD FORD,
EXCERPT FROM INAUGURATION SPEECH, AUGUST 9, 1974

5. MAJOR DATES 1974: NIXON RESIGNS PRESIDENCY
GERALD FORD BECOMES PRESIDENT
1975:
FALL OF SAIGON / VIETNAM WAR ENDS
THE MAYAGUEZ INCIDENT
1976: JIMMY CARTER ELECTED PRESIDENT
1977: U.S. AGREES TO RETURN PANAMA CANAL
1979:
JAN. : IRANIAN REVOLTION; AYATOLLAH KHOMEINI SEIZES POWER
MARCH:
CAMP DAVID ACCORDS SIGNED
THREE-MILE ISLAND ACCIDENT
JUNE: S.A.L.T. II
DECEMBER: SOVIETS INVADE AFGHANISTAN
FEBRUARY, 1980: THE MIRACLE ON ICE

6. THE FORD YEARS
WHAT WAS THE BIGGEST PROBLEM GERALD FORD FACED WHEN HE BECAME PRESIDENT?
LACK OF TRUST TOWARDS U.S. GOV’T.
BY WHO? THE AMERICAN PUBLIC
WHY?
VIETNAM
WATERGATE
THE COUNTERCULTURE
ECONOMIC CRISIS (EX.: OPEC OIL EMBARGO)
WHAT SPECIFIC ECONOMIC PROBLEMS DID HE FACE?
INFLATION (11% IN 1974)
HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT (8.5% IN 1975)
ENERGY CONSUMPTION PROBLEMS (OIL DEPENDENCY)

7. GERALD FORD,
38th President of U.S.

8. GERALD FORD,
U.of Michigan Football

10. THE FORD YEARS OTHER ISSUES: INTERNATIONAL PROBLEMS:
VIETNAM: NVA / VC WINNING THE WAR
CAMBODIA: KHMER ROUGE GENOCIDE (3 MIL. DEAD)
THE MAYAGUEZ INCIDENT
THE SOVIETS
NIXON’S LEGACY: FORD PARDONS NIXON
CAN HE DO THAT?
WHY DOES HE DO IT?

11. THE 1976 ELECTION WHO RUNS? KEY ISSUES: FINAL RESULTS: CARTER WINS
REPUBLICANS: GERALD FORD, VP
DEMOCRATS: JIMMY CARTER, GOV. OF GEORGIA
KEY ISSUES:
UNEMPLOYEMNT
OTHER ECONOMIC PROBLEMS
INFLATION
ENERGY CONSUMPTION
FINAL RESULTS: CARTER WINS
CARTER: 41 MILLION
FORD: 40 MILLION

12. JIMMY CARTER,
39th President of U.S.

14. CARTER AND THE LATE-70’S CARTER’S BACKGROUND:
FORMER GEORGIA GOVERNOR
INFORMAL STYLE
RELIED ON “OUTSIDERS” FOR ADVICE
DID NOT WANT TO LOSE TOUCH W/COMMON AMERICANS CITIZENS
DID NOT LIKE TO COMPROMISE OR MAKE DEALS
RESULT? CARTER OFTEN ALIENATED HIMSELF FROM CONGRESS, BOTH PARTIES

15. CARTER AND THE LATE-70’s DOMESTIC ISSUES:
THE ENERGY CRISIS: TOO MUCH DEPENDENCE ON IMPORTED OIL
RESULT? NATIONAL ENERGY ACT
DID WHAT?
TAX ON GAS-GUZZLING CARS
REMOVED PRICE CONTROLS ON U.S. PRODUCED OIL / NATURAL GAS
$ FOR DEVELOPING ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY CREATED
PROBLEM:
1979: MID-EAST VIOLENCE = HIGHER OIL PRICES
INFLATION INCREASES: 7% TO 11%

16. CARTER AND THE LATE-70’s
PROBLEM: AMERICANS DON’T BELIEVE CARTER CAN SOLVE U.S. ECONOMIC PROBLEMS
EXAMPLES:
1980: INFLATION = 14%
U.S. STANDARD OF LIVING DECLINES: 1st to 5th PLACE
CARTER DELIVERS “CRISIS OF CONFIDENCE” SPEECH
PROBLEM:
SPEECH ONLY MAKES AMERICANS FEEL WORSE
DAMAGES HIS IMAGE
1980: CARTER’S APPROVAL RATING = 26%
WORSE APPROVAL RATING THAN NIXON IN 1974!

17. THE PANAMA CANAL

19. Panama Canal Lock
System

20. INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS:
1979: U.S. – PANAMA AGREE ON PANAMA CANAL TREATY
U.S. WOULD RETURN CONTROL OF CANAL TO PANAMA IN 1999
WHY?
GOOD / BAD IDEA?
1979: S.A.L.T. II AGREEMENT
WHO? U.S. – SOVIETS
DID WHAT? LIMITED # OF WEAPONS EITHER SIDE COULD PRODUCE
PROBLEM:
SENATE OPPOSED TREATY
SOVIETS INVADE AFGAHANISTAN
TREATY DIES
1979: SOVIETS INVADE AFGHANISTAN
U.S. RESPONSE: U.S. BEGINS GIVING AID TO AFGHAN REBELS, CALLED MUJAHEDEEN
MUJAHEDEEN HAVE VOLUNTEERS FROM ALL OVER MUSLIM WORLD, INCLUDING ARABS
FIRST COMBAT EXPERIENCE FOR OSAMA BIN-LADEN AND “AL-QUEDA”

21. AFGHANISTAN
AND
SURROUNDING
REGIONS

22. SOVIET INVASION OF AFGHANISTAN, 1979

23. Osama bin-Laden
Mujahedeen with “Stinger”
missile

24. AFGHAN “MUJAHEDEEN”