1. http://r2d2.dnalc.org/media/a/sickle_cell_big.swf

2. http://www.ygyh.org/sickle/causeb.htm

3. http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/molecules/pdb41_2.html

4. http://www.ygyh.org/sickle/have02.htm http://www.ygyh.org/sickle/have03.htm http://www.ygyh.org/sickle/have07.htm

5. Geographic Distribution of Hemoglobin S

6. Geographic Distribution of Malaria

7. Malaria Caused by protozoa of the Plasmodium genus. Overlap of malaria endemic areas (Plasmodium falciparum) and areas where sickle cell mutation occurs. Sickle cell mutation confers protection from Plasmodium falciparum. Anopheles mosquito

11. Malaria infects 300 to 500 million people worldwide and accounts for over 1 million deaths annually.