1. So What Makes Igneous Rocks the Same, Anyway? How are we related?

2. The story begins:  Igneous rock gets it beginning in the core of the earth- the hot magma  Better known as Lava when it comes to the surface  Igneous rock gets it beginning in the core of the earth- the hot magma  Better known as Lava when it comes to the surface

3. So just what is magma?  Mixture of elements:  Silica  Iron  Sodium  Potassium  And others  Mixture of elements:  Silica  Iron  Sodium  Potassium  And others

4. The plot (magma) thickens  As magma cools, its constituent elements react chemically and form the BIG 8 - the rock forming minerals  These 8 make up the bulk of igneous rock.  As magma cools, its constituent elements react chemically and form the BIG 8 - the rock forming minerals  These 8 make up the bulk of igneous rock.

5. The Bowen Reaction Series  The big 8 are arranged in this series based on the temperature at which they were formed.  Solidify at high temperatures- top of series; solidify at low temperatures- bottom of series  The big 8 are arranged in this series based on the temperature at which they were formed.  Solidify at high temperatures- top of series; solidify at low temperatures- bottom of series To see the Bowen Reactions Series

6. ConstituentPercent of Total Volume H20H2067.7 CO 2 12.7 N2N2 7.65 SO 2 7.03 SO 3 1.86 S2S2 1.04 H2H2.75 CO.67 Cl 2.41 Ar.20 Listing of gases and other chemicals found in magma http://csmres.jmu.edu/geollab/Fichter/IgnRx/Introigrx.html

7. Coarse vs. Fine?? Slow cooling large grains Large grains “coarse grained”/intrusive “Phaneritic” is my name! GRANITE Slow cooling large grains Large grains “coarse grained”/intrusive “Phaneritic” is my name! GRANITE

8. Coarse vs. Fine Quick cooling small grains Small grains “fine grained”/extrusive My name is “Aphanitic” RHYOLITE Quick cooling small grains Small grains “fine grained”/extrusive My name is “Aphanitic” RHYOLITE

9. Coarse vs. Fine Very quick cooling no grains GLASS SCORIA OBSIDIAN Very quick cooling no grains GLASS SCORIA OBSIDIAN

10. I’m sooooo popular  The 2 most common igneous rocks on the earth’s surface are Basalt and Granite.

11. I’m important to know too!  MAFIC - dark colored Ferro-magnesium minerals Ex: olivine, pyroxene, amphibole, biotite BASALT  MAFIC - dark colored Ferro-magnesium minerals Ex: olivine, pyroxene, amphibole, biotite BASALT  FELSIC- light colored Non ferro-magnesium minerals Ex: Calcium plagioclase, Sodium plagioclase GRANITE Biotite Plagioclase

12. CLASSY IGNEOUS ROCKS  Classification for igneous rocks is primarily based on:  Texture (grain size)  Color/composition  Classification for igneous rocks is primarily based on:  Texture (grain size)  Color/composition Click this link to see a more descriptive chart.

14. We evolve too!!!!!!!!!  

15. http://csmres.jmu.edu/geollab/Fichter/IgnRx/disthtml.html Formation of igneous rocks relies on plate tectonics.

16. I’m fractionating Divergent plate boundaries  Parent rock from earth’s interior fractionates to form mafic igneous rocks: basalt and gabbro Divergent plate boundaries  Parent rock from earth’s interior fractionates to form mafic igneous rocks: basalt and gabbro Convergent plate boundaries  Parent rock on the exterior returns to the interior, fractionates and forms intermediate rocks:diorite, and later may form felsic rocks: granite

17. Without igneous rock formation and fractionation, there would be no continents.

18. Thanks to: http://csmres.jmu.edu/geollab/Fichter/IgnRx/Ighome.html