1. THE PROGRESSIVE ERA 1901-1919 Theodore Roosevelt “Trust Busting”
The Jungle
Progressive Reform
The Panama Canal
William Howard Taft
Woodrow Wilson

2. McKINLEY ASSASSINATION

3. VP THEODORE ROOSEVELT (TR) BECOMES PRESIDENT
REPUBLICAN PARTY
PLATFORMS
Domestic Policy:
“Square Deal”
Domestic Prosperity
Foreign Policy:
“Gunboat Diplomacy”
USA World Power

4. BIG BUSINESS CORPORATE MONOPOLIES

5. TR and “TRUST BUSTING”
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
JP Morgan RR

7. GOV’T CORRUPTION DIRECT PRIMARY 17th AMENDMENT Who runs for Pres.
Direct Election of
Senators

8. PUBLIC HEALTH “THE JUNGLE” “I aimed at the public’s heart, and by accident, I hit it in the stomach.”

9. MAIN ISSUES
Labor, business, gov’t corruption, consumers, health, environment
Square Deal then New Nationalism

10. TR REFORMS 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act 1906 Meat Inspection Act
USDA: Inspections of
Meat
FDA - Food and Drug Administration Created

12. Protecting US Interests
US WORLD POWER
“Speak Softly and Carry
a Big Stick”
Gunboat Diplomacy - NAVY

13. Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
Intervention Policy
USA assumes “International Police Officer” role in W. Hemisphere

14. THE PANAMA CANAL Why Would the USA Want This???
Strategy
Revenue
Influence

15. TR Visits Canal Construction

17. THE CANAL OPENS – August, 1914
USA controls until 1999

19. “TEDDY” BEAR

20. ACCOMPLISHMENTS
Trustbusting campaign, railroad regulation, Meat Inspection and Food & Drug Acts, made public land into preserves, national parks & reclamation

21. PROBLEMS Very popular, no opposition in 1904 for re-election.
Critics said conservation efforts too costly.

22. ELECTION OF 1909 William Howard Taft Elected
TR had pledged not to run again, and doesn’t
Hand picks his successor- TAFT
Republican Party

23. President Taft?

24. Embarrassing Moment

25. Taft Gov’t Platforms “New Nationalism” “Dollar Diplomacy”
Protect workers
“Dollar Diplomacy”
Financial Influence in Latin America
ISSUES
Big Business
Labor
Revenue

26. MAIN ISSUES
Labor, business, health, environment

27. Business Reforms Files more Anti-Trust Suits than TR Mann-Elkins Act
ICC power
Regulate RR rates

28. Labor Reforms
Dept. of Labor
Enforce Labor Laws
“8 Hour Workday”

29. Gov’t Revenue
16th Amd.
Federal Income tax

30. ACCOMPLISHMENTS
Filed 90 anti-trust suits, increased forest preserves, encouraged labor safety laws, helped pass income tax
 16th Amendment

31. PROBLEMS
Former judge. Did not want presidency. Progressives did not like his support for lowering tariffs & firing US Forestry Service head & not helping dispute in Congressional Rules Committee  Lost Teddy Roosevelt’s support

32. TR and Taft Fallout

33. Woodrow Wilson Elected President Democrat (1913-1921)

34. Wilson’s Platforms “New Freedom” Revive small business
“Moral Diplomacy”
Support USA like countries
Democracy

35. REFORM ISSUES
BANKING
BIG BUSINESS
LABOR
TEMPERANCE

36. MAIN ISSUES New Freedom 
Tariffs, bank & gov’t reform, business, labor, free competition

37. Banking Reforms Federal Reserve Act - Three-Level Banking System
1. Federal Reserve Board
2. 12 Fed. Reserve Banks
3. Private Banks

40. Wilson Business Reforms
Clayton Anti-Trust Act – clarified Sherman Act by stating what corporations could not do
Federal Trade Commission (FTC) – investigates unfair practices (mislabeling products)

41. Child Labor Keating-Owen Child Labor Act (1916)
Outlawed interstate sale of products made from child labor
USSC declared it Unconstitutional (restricted commerce)

42. Temperance
18th Amd.
Prohibition

43. ACCOMPLISHMENTS
Reduced tariffs, graduated income tax, Federal Reserve Act, limited monopolies & trusts, Federal Trade Commission to investigate businesses, loans to farmers, shorter workday for railroad workers

44. PROBLEMS
Could not get child labor laws passed. Did not support suffrage for women in his campaign for reelection. Blacks’ rights unprotected. Prohibition difficult to enforce.