1. The Louisiana Purchase
SWBAT: Explain how Federalists felt about the purchase of the Louisiana Territory

2. Do Now
According to the excerpts below from Jefferson’s first inaugural address, what can you conclude about his political ideology?
“…every difference of opinion is not a difference of principle. We have called by different names brethren of the same principle. We are all Republicans: We are all Federalists.”
America, “the world’s best hope,” would flourish if a limited government allowed its citizens to be “free to regulate their own pursuits.”

3. Jefferson’s Presidency (1801-1809)
1st President to begin term in Washington D.C.
GOAL: Dismantle Federalist system
Pardoned those imprisoned
under the Sedition Act
Reduced # of government employees (tax collectors)
Decreased size & support to military
Abolished all excise taxes except the tariff
Lowered Taxes
Eliminated government oversight of economy

4. Jefferson’s Presidency
"Those who labor in the earth are the chosen people of God." 
Jeffersonian Democracy
Envisioned an agrarian utopia
Only through farming could there truly be an independent republican citizenry
Manufacturing and financial speculation were threats to independence
Debt and factory work robbed a man of his autonomy, he was at the mercy of his boss or debtors
Government must not violate the rights of an individual
To ensure this, there should be a strict interpretation of the federal government’s constitutional powers

5. The Judiciary Act of 1801
Just before the Republicans took office, the lame duck Federalist Congress passed the Judiciary Act of 1801.
Judiciary Act of 1801
Reduced # of Supreme Court Justices from 6 to 5
Created a circuit court of appeals which required 16 new judges be appointed
Adams appointed “midnight judges” during the last days of his presidency allowing the Federalists to pack the judicial branch with members of their party

6. Marbury v. Madison (1803)
Upon taking the oath of office, Jefferson attempted to block these judicial commissions
Jefferson instructed his secretary of state, Madison, not to deliver Adams’ judicial directives
William Marbury, a judicial appointee, sued & argued the Supreme Court could force Madison to turn in the directives
Madison argued the commissions (directives) were issued too late
William Marbury

7. Marbury v. Madison (1803) The Ruling
Marbury had the right to his new position
However, the Supreme Court did not have the authority to enforce the directive
Judicial Review
This case established the precedent of judicial review
Judicial Review  The Supreme Court could exercise the power to decide whether an act of Congress or the president was constitutional.
Prior to this, the Supreme Court had heard only ten cases; none of which were terribly important

8. Marbury v. Madison (1803) Jefferson believed in local self-government
 distrusted the unelected/appointed judiciary
John Marshall (Federalist) was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court during this landmark case
The Marshall Court strengthened the federal government at the expense of state’s rights (laws)
Who gained and who lost from the results of this case?

9. The Louisiana Purchase (1803)
Analyze the Louisiana Purchase Timeline…
What was the Louisiana Purchase?
How do you think Americans felt about it? Explain.
Read sourcing information for Document A and annotate the remainder of the document
Fill Out Graphic Organizer for Document A
Repeat for Document B

10. The Louisiana Purchase (1803)
Discussion: Did Federalists oppose the Louisiana Purchase for practical or political reasons? (did they have real concerns or just hate Jefferson?)
Deal was sent quickly to the Senate  APPROVAL OF PURCHASE!

11. Wrap Up TED Talks: The Audacity Behind the Louisiana Purchase
After watching the video clip and completing today’s lesson, respond to the question below:
What does Jefferson do and why? (Adhere to his strict constitutional principles or provide an opportunity for his agrarian utopia?)
Explain your response in detail.

12. Jefferson’s Reelection
SWBAT: Explain the effects of the Embargo Act of 1807 on both Britain and the U.S.

13. Lewis and Clark Expedition
1804: Set out from St. Louis, crossed the Rocky Mountains, reached the coast of Oregon, then turned back to complete their journey
Benefits:
Greater geographic & scientific knowledge of the region
Stronger claims to the Oregon Territory
Better relations with Native Americans
More accurate maps & land routes for fur trappers & future settlers
Do Now
Explain the historical context of the excerpt below:
"We set forward... to join my friend companion and fellow labourer Capt. William Clark, who had previously arrived at that place with the party destined for the discovery of the interior of the continent of North America.... As I had determined to reach St. Charles this evening and knowing that there was now no time to be lost I set forward in the rain... and joined Capt. Clark, found the party in good health and spirits."
- MERIWETHER LEWIS, Sunday, May 20, 1804

14. Jefferson’s Reelection
Won with overwhelming margin (162 of the 174 electoral votes)

15. Aaron Burr The D-R caucus (closed meeting)
decided not to nominate Burr for 2nd
term as VP
Burr threatened to break up the Union, unite New York with New England states and secede from the nation
Burr challenged Hamilton to a duel, resulting in Hamilton’s death  becomes hated by many
Burr wanted to take Mexico from Spain and unite it with Louisiana under his rule  TREASON!

16. Aaron Burr Jefferson ordered Burr’s arrest & trial
Chief Justice John Marshall acquitted Burr b/c of lack of witnesses to any “overt act” of treason

17. Embargo Act (1807)
To punish Britain for impressing Americans & blockading French ports, Jefferson issued an embargo (restricting trade)
Embargo Act of 1807
Prohibited American merchant ships from sailing into any foreign port
Jefferson believed Britain was so dependent on American raw materials they would stop impressing and blockading
Effects
Britain acquires materials from South America
U.S. exports drop by 80%
Economy devastated – New England considers succession

18. An 1807 political cartoon satirizes the Embargo, here in the form of a turtle named "Ograbme" - Embargo backwards - biting a merchant/smuggler.

19. Embargo Act (1807)

20. SAQ Practice!