1. French and Indian War Who, What, Where and Why

2. Who? O The English and the French created rival empires in North America. O The French claimed the O The Ohio River Valley O Mississippi River valley O Great Lake Regions O The English and French both had Fur trading alliances with Native Americans. These Alliances dragged the trading partners into the war O George Washington was a general for the British during this War. Allied with the British Allied with the French Iroquois Confederation: Cayuga Mohawk Onieda Onodaga Seneca Abenaki Lenni Lenape Shawnee Huron Algonquin

3. What? O In the 1600’s and 1700’s European wars between France and England fueled wars in their colonies. Neither side won a clear Victory in these conflicts. O The War ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1763. (Prewar and Postwar Boundaries on page 146)

4. Why? O Just Beyond the Appalachian Mountains, The Ohio River Valley began attracting Pennsylvania fur traders and Virginia land companies. As more British colonist arrived in the area, the French feared losing control of the rivers that linked their Canadian and Louisiana Settlements. With tensions mounting the stage was set for the nine year long French and Indian War. O The war began as fight over claims to the Ohio River Valley

5. Where? O The French tried to protects its claims in North America By Building Forts in the Ohio River Valley. O Fort Duquesne O Fort Necessity O At the end of the War British Government created the Proclamation of 1763 O Forbade the colonist from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains.

6. When? O By August 1759, The British controlled six French Forts. However, in the late summer the British decided to move to attack New France at its capital, Quebec. O The British lay siege to Quebec, which sits on Cliffs 300 feet above the St Lawrence River, In September, a scout found a steep path up the cliffs to the Plains near Quebec. Under cover of darkness, British general James Wolfe and 4,000 of his men secretly climbed the cliffs. O The Battle of Quebec was considered a major victory for the British (CONSIDERED THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR)