1.   Yunsheng Liu 2008. 10

2. Yunsheng Liu2 4.1 The Features of a DBMS User interfaces Languages processing Data Manipulating Transaction processing Data storage management 2. Overall Functions Storing and managing volume of persistent data Concurrently accessing stored data by multi-users 1. Capabilities

3. Yunsheng Liu3 3. Concrete functions Data organization and storage structure Data retrieving and maintenance Data integrity control Data consistency control Data security control Recovery from failures Tele- data access and communication Performance monitor and tuning DB protection 4.1 The Features of a DBMS

4. Yunsheng Liu4 4.2 DBMS Structures - A database system consists of  Users, DBA,  DBMS, DB, system software  tools, applications  Procedures, policies and rules  devices

5. Yunsheng Liu5 用户接口 事务处理 数据库模式 应用程序 1 查 询 查 询 查 询 查 询 DDL 解释器 查询处理器 DD/D 管理器 DD/D 数据操作 存储数据管理器 日志 DML+HL 编译器 日志与恢复 查询接口 应用程序员 DBA/D 非熟练用户熟练用户 应用开发接口 数据说明接口 语言处理 数据操纵 数据管理 DB 数据文件 索引 应用程序 n 数据控制 数据库 应用执行 用户 应用 OS 接口 DBMS 应用接口 4.2.1 Database Syatem Hierarchy

6. Yunsheng Liu6 4.2.2 An Architecture of a DBMS DB Spec. Interface Prog. Interfaces Query Interface DDL Processor Query Processor Exe. Controller DD/D Mgr DD/D CC/Lock Manager Data Operations Log DBA End-Users DML+HL Processors T Manager Appl. Interfaces Log/Recovery Appl. Programmers DBMS DB Transactions/Query Plans Transaction Processing Buffer Manager File Manager Access Methods Storage Mgt. Users L P Interfaces Supporting Component Supporting Component DCL Processor D B Disk Space Mgr

7. Yunsheng Liu7 4.3 The Components of a DBMS Conceptual modeling tools Schemas/subschemas defining Constraints defining 2. Data defining--DDL Application development tools Application program generator Report writer Form processor Graphic interface Data analysis: DD/D, PSL/PSA, etc. 1. Application support

8. Yunsheng Liu8 3. DB manipulation—DML, QL Creating Retrieving Modifications Interfaces to host languages 4. DB running control Integrity control Transaction mgt. and concurrency control Security checking and access control Backup/Recovery Deadlock checking and processing 4.3 The Components of a DBMS

9. Yunsheng Liu9 6. DB maintenance Data transforming Data loading Restructuring and reorganizing Performance analysis and tuning 5. DB organization management Data Dictionary facility Data records and files management Logging management Buffer and I/O management Access methods 4.3 The Components of a DBMS

10. Yunsheng Liu10 7. Integration with other SW systems OS Communication system Other DBMS’s DB middleware Others: DW, DM, OLAP, DSS, … 4.3 The Components of a DBMS

11. Yunsheng Liu11 4.4 Utilizations to DBMS 4.4.1. Embedded Applications 4.4.1. Embedded Applications (HL + DML) Codes DB DML compiling (Binding) Catalog ( Appl. Plan) DB Request M (syntax tree) DB Request M (syntax tree) DML HL Parsing HL compiling Linking/ Loading HL Codes HL Codes HL.obj Lib … Precompiling CALLs Main Memory HL-prog.exe Appl-plan DBMS Data Mgr …

12. Yunsheng Liu12 4.4.2. Interactive Applications Q Parsing Q Processing Query syntax tree Query syntax tree Q-plan Query Q-plan executing DB

13. Yunsheng Liu13 4.5 Data Access in a DBMS 查找 Liu 的订单与日期 SELECT ord#, date FROM Orders WHERE C-name=“Liu” f# attoffset ord# date C-name 0 5 11 3 AttrMap  f# startBf 127s65 3 FileMap endr-len 195s  2 St-Rcord 1 St-Rcord 2 End-User Appl. DBMS AM DB Physical record Stored record Logical record Output data Request Query File Record request Block access R-name Custom Stores Orders f# 1 2 3 RelMap 030827ord25 990610ord04 DateOrd# …Liu 030827 ord25 18 …Liu 990610ord04 02 ……… … … …Wang 960214 ord01 01 … C-name DateOrd## …Liu030827ord25 …Liu990610ord04 …C-name DateOrd#