1. The Election of 1860 and Fort Sumter J.A. SACCO

2. The Democratic Party in the Election 1860 After John Brown’s Raid- Democrats last hope for keeping nation together. 1 st convention in Charleston, SC- Douglas seemed to be leading but nomination blocked by Buchanan and Southern Democrats. 2 nd convention in Baltimore, MD- Slave state delegates walked out- Douglas gets nomination- stands on popular sovereignty and enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Act. 3 rd convention- Southern Democrats hold their own convention and nominate John C. Breckinridge (KY)- unrestricted expansion of slavery and the annexation of Cuba. Stephen Douglas Northern Democrat John C. Breckinridge Southern Democrat

3. Republican Party Platform in 1860  Non-extension of slavery for the Free-Soilers.  Protective tariff for the Northern Industrialists.  No abridgment of rights for immigrants, a disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”.  Government aid to build a Pacific RR for the Northwest.  Internal improvements, for the West, at federal expense.  Free homesteads for the public domain for farmers. Why Lincoln?

4. The Constitutional-Union Party Former Whigs, Know- Nothings, moderate Democrats Enforce laws and the Constitution, keep the Union together Select John Bell from Tennessee John Bell

5. 1860 Presidential Election √ Abraham Lincoln Republican John Bell Constitutional Union Stephen A. Douglas Northern Democrat John C. Breckinridge Southern Democrat

6. 1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!

7. 1860 Election Results 1860 Election Results

8. Secession! After Lincoln elected, SC, AL,FL,GA,LA, MS,TX secede. Stand on “states rights”.

9. Lincoln in the Thick of It? Situation will deteriorate by March when Lincoln takes office.

10. The Crittenden Compromise- A Last Ditch Appeal to Sanity Issued after SC secedes. Constitutional amendment guaranteeing slavery forever without interference. Congress can’t interfere with intrastate slave trade. Compensate slave owners for unrecovered slaves. Extend Missouri Compromise line west to the Pacific Ocean. Sen. John J. Crittenden (KY)

11. Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861