1. Africa
Warm-up

2. Warm-up questions
Why are Africa’s rivers difficult to navigate? (See map p. 415 and read p. 416)
How might this affect the economy?
Describe Africa’s most distinctive landform.
What resources does Africa have? (read pages )
Why hasn’t Africa’s mineral wealth translated into wealth for its citizens? (pages )

3. 4. gold, platinum, chromium, cobalt, diamonds, oil, coffee, lumber, cocoa 5. European colonialism led to the export of Africa’s natural resources for manufacture; therefore, African nations have been slow to develop infrastructures and industries. Also, governments spend money on on-going civil wars caused by ethnic divisions from colonialism.

4. Discuss
What are the two most common economic activities? (see map page 419)
What is subsistence farming?

5. Desertification Causes: Overgrazing
Animals trample soil causing erosion
Farming
Drilling for irrigation
Increased population
Burning more wood for fuel

6. Desertification Effects: Large forests disappear
Destroys tropical rainforests

7. Environmental Damage to Nigeria
Causes:
Drilling for oil
Effects:
Debt to other nations (U.S.)
Country is poor
Oil spills, fire, acid rain
(Intentional) explosions result in deaths

8. Aswan High Dam Causes: Control floods Effects:
(Pos.) Lake Nasser created – artificial lake
Fresh supply of water to farmers
Two or three harvests instead of one
Farmable land increased by 50%

9. Aswan High Dam Effects: (Neg.) Relocation of people
Relocation of temples and treasures
Decreased fertility of soil (silt)
Salt decreases fertility of soil
Increased diseases (malaria)
Evaporation