1. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 1/25 LARP Phase II Secondary Collimator RC1 Review SLAC 12/15/05 Prototype Engineering Studies 503 618 522 354 950 1406

2. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 2/25 LHC Phase II collimator concept development LHC & NLC collimators compared FLUKA/ANSYS jaw thermal response simulations –A major % of our effort so far –model evolution Baseline Jaw concept –Material selection –Cooling channel arrangement –Jaw support –Jaw geometry Baseline collimator concept –aperture control –jaw support/actuation –RF parts –cooling water supply Unresolved issues

3. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 3/25 Phase I Supporting System Fixed base Adjustable base Pivoting cradle (manual adjustment +/-10º) Jaw actuation system Vacuum Tank SLAC will utilize as much of CERN support and actuation systems as possible – must work in horizontal (shown), vertical (90 o ) and skew (+/- 45 o ) 1.48 m

4. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 4/25 Phase I Mechanical design Steppers & roller screws – jaw ends independent Return Springs C/C, copper, SST jaw, 1.2 m long Vacuum tank Bellows not shown (4x) Coolant in/out SLAC concept substitutes - rotate-able jaws for 1.2m long Phase I jaws - Larger vacuum tank to allow max jaw diameter

5. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 5/25 NLC Consumable Collimator 6.0 Note short length of collimation material. L/D =.02

6. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 6/25 Phase II Baseline layout beam 136mm diameter x 950 mm long jaws (750 mm effective length due to taper). Vacuum tank, jaw support mechanism and support base derived from CERN Phase I.

7. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 7/25 NLC & original LHC specs – major differences Bottom Line: LHC & NLC collimators are different animals * * This spec infeasible, has been relaxed

8. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 8/25 Water cooled 2-d & (3-d rectangular) model 3-d “Hollow cylinder” model - Uniform or limited arc cooling “Solid” model Tubular cooling channels Uniform ID Cooling – simulates helical or axial channels H2O simulation – helical flow shown Progression of ANSYS models – increasingly realistic beam

9. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 9/25 Material thermal performance (Hollow Cylinder Model) - O.D = 150 mm, I.D. = 100 mm, L = 1.2 m - NLC-type edge supports

10. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 10/25 Cu chosen as best balance between collimation efficiency, thermal distortion & manufacturablity

11. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 11/25 Central Aperture Stop -Swelling neutralized -Bending neutralized NLC-type Aperture control - Swelling neutralized - Bending toward beam Shaft support (Phase I) -Swelling toward beam -Bending toward beam Aperture-defining support Choice of Aperture-Defining Scheme - To Minimize Bending and Swelling Deformation toward Beam

12. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 12/25 61C Note transverse gradient causes bending Interesting side trip: 64% less distortion if cooling is limited to a 36 o arc centered on beam path. 89C Note axial gradient  x=221  m Spec: 25  m support  x=79  m Note more swelling than bending 64% less distortion 360 o full I.D. cooling 36 o arc cooling

13. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 13/25 Limited cooling arc: free wheeling distributor – orientation controlled by gravity – directs flow to beam-side axial channels. Pro: Far side not cooled, reducing  T and thermal distortion. Con: peak temperature higher; no positive control over flow distributor (could jam); difficult fabrication. 360 o cooling by means of helical (or axial) channels. Pro: Lowers peak temperatures. Con: by cooling back side of jaw, increases net  T through the jaw, and therefore thermal distortion; axial flow wastes cooling capacity on back side of jaw. water beam Helical and axial cooling channels illustrated beam

14. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 14/25 Helical cooling passages chosen for manufacturablity, beamline vacuum safety Per CERN’s Phase I design – no water-vacuum weld or braze Tube formed as helix, slightly smaller O.D. than jaw I.D. O.D. of helix wrapped with braze metal shim Helix inserted into bore, two ends twisted wrt each other to expand, ensure contact Fixture (not shown) holds twist during heat cycle Variations: 1.Pitch may vary with length to concentrate cooling 2.Two parallel helixes to double flow 3.Spacer between coils adds thermal mass, strength 4.Electroform jaw body onto coil

15. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 15/25 Max Cu temp 200 Possible boiling Max water return temp Deflection 325 & 750 (SS & trans) All temperature simulations based on 20C supply. For CERN 27C supply add 7 to all temperature results. CERN max water return temp 42C Exceeds spec, or other possible problem as noted Baseline Jaw Performance

16. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 16/25 Estimates for downbeam collimator heat loading and deflection – scaled from worst case baseline (green)

17. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 17/25 Jaw diameter – limited by vacuum tank size and required range of motion. Vacuum tank size limited by proximity of opposing beam pipe in all collimator orientations. Jaw Diameter Determined

18. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 18/25 jaw tends to bow toward beam due to heating. Stop prevents reduction of gap Jaw ends spring-loaded to the table ass’y (next slide) … move outward in response to bowing Shallow groove => smooth contact surface safe from beam accidents May use two stops to control tilt Adjustable central gap-defining stop Stop in/out position controls aperture, actuator external, works through bellows.

19. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 19/25 Self aligning bearing Leaf springs allow jaw end motion up to 1mm away from beam Adjustable central jaw stops (previous slide) define gap -Flexible bearing supports allow jaw thermal distortion away from beam CERN’s jaw support/positioning mechanism. Vacuum tank, bellows, steppers not shown. Flexible end supports used in conjunction with central gap-defining mechanism

20. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 20/25 Rigid round-square transition Spring loaded fingers ground two jaws through range of motion RF contact overview Sheet metal parts flex to follow jaw motion Clearance problems to be resolved Concept satisfies CERN RF requirements - Need sufficient contact pressure Cooling issues not addressed

21. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 21/25 CERN design: Jaw supported on individually moveable shaft at each end, controlled by steppers external to tank. Bellows allows full range of jaw motion Continuous one-piece cooling tube brazed to jaw, exits tank at each end through shaft. Unresolved interferences between RF parts and cooling and support parts Jaw rotation mechanism not devised Substantial forces to rotate jaw Mandrel to support coil not shown Flex Cooling Supply Tube Concept Space required for flexible water connections results in 95 cm maximum jaw length.

22. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 22/25 Contiguous with helical tube inside jaw. Formed after assembly-brazing of jaw and installation of bearing on stub-shaft Exits through support shaft per CERN design Material: CuNi10Fe1, 10mm O.D., 8mm I.D. Stub-shaft (bearing not shown) Support shaft relaxed (as shown)# coils4 O.D.111mm (4.4in) full 360 o rotation# coils5 O.D.91mm (3.6in) torque9.1N-m (81in-lb) Detail of Flex Cooling Supply Tube

23. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 23/25 ANSYS simulation: Axial stress for un-grooved and grooved jaw with axially uniform heat input. CaseTmax °CDeflection (um) Jaw edge refaxis ref Straight59.533~100 grooved59.515~74 Grooves reduce bending deflection Note: RF taper requirements may make this concept un-feasible

24. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 24/25 Specifications for baseline Phase II collimator * * Relaxed from original spec baseline design deviates

25. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 25/25 Unresolved Issues Jaw actuation mechanism How to handle mass of rotary jaws (fail open springs) Availability of CERN actuation mechanism for SLAC use is being discussed Jaw rotary indexing mechanism force to rotate jaws acceptable? concept not developed do we know angular position of jaw at all times? RF parts – taper requirement details not clear central groove in jaws (smooth track for central aperture stop) strain-relieving grooves in jaws what is the acceptable range of taper angles for the jaw ends Heat generation in thin RF parts Need details of CERN support stands, etc Effects due to accident does accident cause unacceptable gross distortion of the jaw? do RF fingers work in contact with damaged surface? How much material melts and where does it go? – depends on jaw orientation is central aperture stop safe from contamination by melted material? Beam tests may be required

26. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 26/25 LHC Phase II Collimation BONUS SLIDES

27. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 27/25 Phase I Jaw - Design Principles 1. Jaws in C/C or graphite 2. Cooling Cu-pipes (2 x 3 turns) and plate pressed against the jaw, brazed to the bar. 3. Main GlidCop® support bar Glidcop support bar Cu cooling plate c/c

28. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 28/25 Material Properties

29. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 29/25 Heat Transfer by Boiling Water

30. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 30/25 Construction possibility – jaw with axial cooling channels

31. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 31/25 NLC Aperture-Defining Geometry One independent variable (stop roller spacing, s) defines aperture. s = stop roller spacing

32. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 32/25 NLC Jaw Indexing Mechanism

33. LARP LHC PHASE II SECONDARY COLLIMATOR CD1 REVIEW. - E. Doyle 15 Dec. 2005 33/25 beam NLC suspension and aperture-defining mechanism: limitations in LHC environment. 150mm jaw full 30 mm retraction showing interference with opposing beam pipe. Vac envelope with pass-through for beam 2 as possible solution.