1. Ch. 21 Contemporary Western World 1970 - present

2. 21:1 Decline of Soviet Union Détente - relaxation of tensions/improved relations b/t Soviet Union & USA. 1979 – Soviet Union invades Afghanistan to restore regime there…USA sees it as act of expansion = Pres. Carter boycotts 1980 Olympics in Moscow + embargo of grain to SU.

3. 1980 R. Reagan elected Pres. 1985 Mikhail Gorbachev – ends Cold War By not giving support to East Europe Communist govts Germany reunites 10/3/1990 1991 Soviet Union is dissolved

4. 1991 New President in Russia – Boris Yeltsin – New free-market economy – Some satellite nations join NATO – 2000 Vladimir Putin becomes leader in Russia with new reforms for the better.

5. 21:2 East Europe 1990 Poland – becomes free-market economy & free elections ends 45 yrs of Communism 1989 Czechoslovakia – splits into Czech Republic & Slovakia; Communist gov’t collapsed

6. 1989 Romania – Communist leader executed Germany – reunifies after popular unrest of Eastern Germany being under Communist for 18 yrs. Communist Gov’t surrendered opening borders to west. Wall comes down.

7. 1990 Disintegration of Yugoslavia War in Bosnia 1992 Serbs turn guns on Bosnia acquiring 70% Bosnia territory….Serbs following “ethnic cleansing”= killing or forcing from land. Kosovo is stripped of autonomous status =(self- governing) ethnic Albanians go against Serbs rule so Serbs force massacre of ethnic Albanians. Serbia & Montenegro form republics

8. 21:3 Europe & North America Western European nations moved toward a greater union of their economies after 1970 = (EEC)European Economic Community EC 1/1/1994 becomes (EU) European Union – 1 st goal = establish common currency (Euro)

9. Great Britain & Thatcherism Intense fighting b/t Catholics & Protestants in N. Ireland. (1979) Margaret Thatcher comes to power in Britain with economic policy “Thatcherism” to improve situation, but resigned due to unpopular tax idea (1990) then Tony Blair b/c Prime Minister 1997

10. United States: Nixon & Watergate Scandal – Used illegal methods to gain political info about his opponents – Gerald Ford takes over – Jimmy Carter – Ronald Reagan

11. Canada: Pierre Trudeau – Prime Minister 1968 Official language Act – to preserve a united Canada while acknowledging the rights of French Speaking Canadians NAFTA = North American Free Trade Agreement (Canada, USA, Mexico) To make trade easier/more profitable with guidelines for cooperation between countries

12. 21:4 Western Society & Culture Read: Growth of Terrorism to answer the following. What methods do terrorists use to achieve their goals? How have sports become big in politics?