1. Causes and Effects

2.  “Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that makes it hard to: Tell the difference between what is real and not real; Think clearly; Have normal emotional responses; Act normally in social situations.” – National Library of Medicine

3.  Black Revolution  Discriminations and Racism  Lowest class in the society

4.  Associated with traumas that the patient had experienced during the early stage of life.

5.  Social effects  Psychological effects

6.  Family  School  Social connections

7.  Cause: unhappy marriage  Divorced  Lost her jobs  Viewed as crazy person  Ruined Jackie’s childhood

8.  Attended to a White-dominant college  Paranoid, talking to herself and withdrawing  No social connections with roommates and other students  Worsen family relationships

9.  Gender identity  Institutionalized  Suicide

10.  Case Western Reserve University Gender Identity Clinic  5 out of 174 patients were black female  4 were diagnosed with Schizophrenia

11.  Was sexually abused by both parents  Several hospitalizations for acute schizophrenic episodes  Severely suicidal  Unable to distinguish her fantasies from reality

12.  Imprisoned for 30 days  Experienced many discrimination acts  Fail marriage  “nervous breakdown”  Institutionalized for 35 years

13.  Powell, Jackie. “First Person Account: Paranoid Schizophrenia – A Daughter’s Story.” Schizophrenia Bulletin 24.1 (1998): 175-177. Print.  Jackson, Vanessa. “In Our Own Voice: African-American Stories of Oppression, Survival and Recovery in Mental Health Systems.” Atlanta, GA: Vanessa Jackson, 2001. National Empowerment Center. Web. 3 Apr. 2014.  Carter, H. James. “Sociocultural Factors in the Psychiatric Assessment of Black Patients: A Case Study.” Journal of the National Medical Association 75.8 (1983): 817-820. Print.  Lothstein, L. M. and Howard Roback. “Black Female Transsexuals and Schizophrenia: A Serendipitous Finding?” Archives of Sexual Behavior 13.4 (1984): 371-386. Print.