1. Separation of Mixtures

2. Separation of Mixtures
Identify the different ways of separating mixtures.
Determine how the different ways are used to separate mixtures.
Identify the ways in which magnetic attraction, filtration, evaporation, distillation and paper chromatography can be used in daily life.

3. Separation of Mixtures
Mixtures are matter that are made up of two or more compounds and/or elements.
They can be easily separated.
Suspensions and solutions are mixtures.

4. Separation of Mixtures
Techniques
Magnetic
Attraction
Filtration
Paper
Chromatography
Distillation
Evaporation

5. Separation of Mixtures
Magnetic Attraction
Separating mixtures containing magnetic material like iron, cobalt and nickel.

7. Separation of Mixtures
Evaporation
Separating mixture of dissolved solids from a liquid.
Heat is applied to quicken evaporation but NOT to cause decomposition.

9. Separation of Mixtures
Filtration
Separating mixture of un-dissolved solids from a liquid.

10. Some Filtration Systems

11. Separation of Mixtures
Distillation
Separating liquid-liquid mixtures of different boiling points.
Temperature tells the type of vapour that is entering the condenser.

12. Laboratory Distillation Setup
Cold and hot water enters from the bottom and top of the condenser respectively. Water will gain heat as vapour condenses. Warmer water is less effective in condensing vapour
Thermometer at the entrance of the condenser indicates the boiling point of the type of vapour entering it
Stone chips are added into the liquid to allow even and uniform boiling
Laboratory Distillation Setup

13. Less Dense Component
Denser Component

14. Separation of Mixtures
Paper Chromatography
Identify the type of substances in a mixture.
Each substance have different solubility in a common solvent.

15. (3) Component will run along paper as it dissolves in solvent
(1) Mixtures added at the base line
(2) Paper dipped into solvent for mixtures
Components of Essential Oils are separated

16. Separation of Mixtures
What are the components in mixture X?
Red X
Yellow
Blue
X Contains Red and Yellow Components

17. Separation of Mixtures
How do you separate a mixture of salt, sand and iron? N S
Iron
Iron
Sand
Salt
Magnetic attraction to get iron filings
Add water to dissolve salt
Filter to get sand residue
Evaporate filtrate to get salt
Sand
Iron
Salt
Sand
Salt

18. Separation of Mixtures
Conclusion
5 simple methods of separating mixtures.
Different methods for components of mixtures with different properties.
Separating mixtures produces better understanding of mixture.
Man can produce useful mixtures/components from raw components/mixtures.