1. -1492 Christopher Columbus contract with Catholic monarchs: -Pope (Alex. VI, from Spain) entrusted a missionary task Inherent Contradiction?

2.  Las Casas, Chs. 1-3  Who was Bartolome’ de las Casas?  How did he discover his calling?  How did he start to change the situation in the Americas?  What was his social experiment?

3.  Clayton, Bartolome de las Casas, Ch. 4  Chasteen, Blood and Fire, Ch. 3  See The Mission in Library or in the history lab, or online

4.  Two European waves settled the American continent by 1540 1. From Cuba (1516-1518) to Mexico (1519) Central America (1522) Hernan Cortés landed at Veracruz in March, 1519 -Aztec (Moctezuma) waiting for return of Quetzalcoatl, finery and gifts

5.  -Francisco Pizarro led expedition in 1531  TP: How did this Conquistador with only 150 soldiers overrun such a huge empire with such a large standing army of thousands?

6.  What determined locale and patterns?  Mining Zones great focus of Spanish activities  Cities first, and closest to mines  What was an Audiencia?  Judicial High Court and Subdivision of a Viceroyaty  Audiencia of Santo Domingo 1511-1526  Audiencia of Mexico 1527  Audiencia of Panama 1535-42  Audiencia of Lima 1542  Audiencia of Guatemala 1543  Audiencia of New Galicia 1548  Audiencia of Bogota 1549

7.  1. National:  Crown Council of Indies (1523) Government by Decree Viceroyalties New Spain1521 Peru1542 La Plata 1776 New Granada1717

10. Subdivisions into High Courts of Appeals Appelate Court in the Viceroyalties Santo Domingo 1511

11.  Visita:  Examination of indigenous town.  Why would the VR have needed a visita?  Cuenta:  Established the number of tribute payers  Goal of these measures? Imperial context

12.  Encomienda?  Gradual reversion of encomiendas to crown  Royal tribute in New Spain: 1550: 100,000 pesos 1790: well over 1,000,000 pesos Decline of the Encomienda By 1549: lost right to demand labor lost fight to make it permanent Demographic Collapse and Results

13.  Lawrence Clayton  Bartolome de las Casas, Chs. 1-3

14.  Alcaldía Mayor or Corregimiento  Provincial Administrators  Intendants(Provincial Governors)  Cabildo  Town Council  Republica de Espanoles  Republica de Indios  Caste System

15.  How did this segregation serve the Europeans?

16.  Settlement legacy?  Political Colonial Legacy?