1. JEAN PIAGET
Jean Piaget, the pioneering Swiss philosopher and psychologist, spent much of his professional life listening to children, watching children and poring over reports of researchers around the world who were doing the same. He found, to put it most succinctly, that children don't think like grownups. After thousands of interactions with young people often barely old enough to talk, Piaget began to suspect that behind their cute and seemingly illogical utterances were thought processes that had their own kind of order and their own special logic.

2. Jean Piaget's Key Ideas
All people throughout the world develop their
mental capabilities (cognitive process) in
stages.
Most cognitive abilities develop during the
first and second years of one’s life.
Piaget’s theory of development focuses on
HOW people think not WHAT people think.

3. Sensorimotor (Birth-2 yrs)
Differentiates self from objects 
Recognizes self as agent of action and begins to act intentionally to manipulate the environment: e.g. shakes a rattle to make a noise
  Develops intentions; attempts to overcome obstacles: e.g crawls across room to obtain a toy
Achieves object permanence: realizes that things continue to exist even when no longer present

4. Pre-operational (2-7 years)
Learns to use language and to represent objects by images and words 
Will represent the world symbolically; will “play pretend”
Thinking is still egocentric: has difficulty taking the viewpoint of others 
Classifies objects by a single feature: e.g. groups together all the red blocks regardless of shape or all the square blocks regardless of color 

5. Concrete operational (7-11 years)
Process of decentration becomes complete: no longer possesses egocentrism
Can think logically about objects and events
Can distinguish between appearance and reality
Is able to think ahead beyond one or two steps:
- e.g. can predict future moves in a
checkers game
Understands the purpose/ importance of rules
Achieves conservation of number, mass, and weight
Classifies objects according to several features and can order them in series along a single dimension such as size.

6. Formal operational (11 years and up)
Can think logically about abstract propositions and test hypotheses systematically
Becomes concerned with the hypothetical, the future, and ideological problems
In early stage idealism is formed but becomes weaker as they are faced with the impact of the real world

7. #

8. #

9. #

10. #