1. Diabetes and Glucose Monitoring Presented By: G.Nagesh M.Sc(N),RN,RM,RPH NURSING EDUCATION & WELFARE SOCIETY, HYDERABAD, TELANGANA. Visite: www.nurseshome.in

2. What is Diabetes  A condition where the body is unable to regulate the amount of glucose in the blood due to lack of insulin or the body’s inability to produce insulin.  A condition where there is too much glucose in the blood. NURSING EDUCATION & WELFARE SOCIETY, HYDERABAD,TELANGANA. Visite: www.nurseshome.in

3. Types 1 Diabetes  Also known as “juvenile diabetes” or “insulin- dependent diabetes”  usually develops in children or young adults  An autoimmune disease where the immune system is destroying the cells of the pancreas  the body does not produce enough insulin to control the amount of glucose in the blood.  people with type 1 diabetes must take insulin daily NURSING EDUCATION & WELFARE SOCIETY, HYDERABAD,TELANGANA. Visite: www.nurseshome.in

4. Type 2 Diabetes  also known as “adult-onset diabetes” or “non-insulin dependent diabetes”  usually an disease of adults however is becoming more common in obese children  a genetic disorder  a disorder where there is high blood glucose due to insulin resistance or deficiency  the body is not producing enough insulin to control the glucose in the blood  Based on diet, exercise and medicine type 2 diabetics may not need to take insulin daily

5. What is glucose Glucose:  a simple sugar that serves as the chief source of energy for the body.

6. Hypoglycemia vs. Hyperglycemia  Hypoglycemia: Low blood sugar 60mg/dL or less Occurs mostly in Type 1 diabetes or in elderly  Hyperglycemia: High blood sugar 240mg/dL or higher Can cause damage to eyes, kidneys, heart and nerves

7. Blood Glucose Monitoring What is it? –Blood Glucose Monitoring is a way of checking the concentration of glucose in the blood using a glucometer. What is the purpose? –Provides quick response to tell if the sugar is high or low indicating a change in diet, exercise or insulin. –Over time, it reveals individual of blood glucose changes

8. Why monitor blood glucose  Reduces risk of developing complications with diabetes.  Allows diabetics to see if the insulin and other medications they are taking are working.  Gives diabetics an idea as to how exercise and food affect their blood sugar.  May prevent hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia

9. When to check blood glucose? When you wake up Before meals 1 to 2 hours after meals Before physical activity 15 minutes after physical activity Before bed

10. Glucose in the Blood Glucose TestPerson without diabetes Person with diabetes Fasting Test70-110mg/dL> 140mg/dL 2 hours after eating<110mg/dL> 200mg/dL

11. Glucometer  A glucometer is an electronic device used to test the amount of glucose in the blood.  New models are able to read and calculate the blood sugar within seconds.  Some models not only display the glucose reading but also say it.

12. How a Glucometer Works  Prick side of finger to get a small about of blood.  Place a drop of blood on the test strip. This strip interfaces with a digital meter, enabling it to read the strip.  Within seconds, blood sugar will be displayed in the meter window.

13. Glucose Control Benefits  Keeping blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible:  Few or even no complications  Normal life span  Short term benefits of glucose control  Feel better  Stay healthy  Have more energy  Reduce risk of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia  Long term benefits of glucose control  Lower chances of having eye, heart and kidney disease and nerve damage  Enjoy a better quality of life

14. THANKING YOU For More Details Visit : NURSING EDUCATIONAL & WELFARE SOCIETY www.nurseshome.in