1. SPIROMETRY (Pulmonary Function Testing)
By: A.Bolouri MD.

3. SPIROMETRY:
Measuring
Lung Volumes & Capacities

4. Lung Volumes Inspiratory Capacity VC TV TLC ERV
Functional Residual Capacity RV
Lung Volumes

5. Vital Capacity: Maximal Volume of Air that a Person can Exhale after a Maximal Inspiration.
Residual Volume: The Volume of Air Remained in Lungs after Maximal Expiration.
Functional Residual Capacity: The Volume of Air Remained in Lungs after Normal Expiration.
Inspiratory Capacity: Maximal Capacity of Inspiration (#75% of VC).
Expiratory Reserve Volume: Maximal Air that a Person can Exhale after a Normal Expiration.

6. SPIROMETRY:
Reflects Predominantly Resistance to Air flow in the Large or Central Air ways.
Small Airways (<2mm diameter) usually are affected early in the Course of Most diseases which involve the Alveolar wall & Interstitial tissue and may contribute little to the Overall Measurable Resistance.

7. Spirometry is Effort dependent.
Failure to Obtain Reproducible Results
Inadequate Cooperation Ill Health

8. FVC: Maximal Volume of Air that a Person can Exhale Forcefully after a Maximal Inspiration.
FEV1: the Volume Exhaled during the First second.
FEF25-75%(forced expiration flow between 25% & 75% of the FVC) : The Maximal Mid- Expiratory Flow Rate measures the Average Flow Rate during the Middle Half of the FVC.

9. Volume – Time Relationship

10. Volume – Time Relationship

11. VC + FEV1 :Obstructive Lung Disease
VC + TLC : Restrictive Lung Disease
RV + RV/TLC : Pulmonary Over distention & Probable Air Trapping

12. Maximal Ventilatory Volume(MVV) :
Measuring The Volume of Gas Exchange during 12 to 15 Seconds of Maximal Voluntary Hyperventilation

13. Airway Obstruction: Severity Mild Moderate Moderately Severe Severe
Very Severe
FEV1(% of predicted)
> 70
>60 and < 70
>50 and < 60
>35 and < 50
<35

14. Chest Restriction: Severity Mild Moderate Moderately Severe Severe
Very Severe
FVC(% of predicted)
> 70 but <LLN
>60 and < 70
>50 and < 60
>35 and < 50
<35

15. Start Here No No No Normal Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Restrictive
FEV1/FVC
<LLN
FVC
<LLN
FEF25%-75%
<LLN
Normal
Yes
Yes
Yes
Probably
Normal
Restrictive No No
FVC
<LLN
Probably
Normal
FEV1
<95% Pred
Yes
Yes
Obstructive
Mixed
Obstructive
Restrictive