1. Bell Quiz: Use Pages 11-13 and 20-21 1) List the 5 main characteristics shared by civilizations? 2) Name the 4 River Valley civilizations. 3) How many miles long is the Nile River? 4) What direction does the Nile River flow? 5) What direction do the prevailing winds blow along the Nile River?

2. Bell Quiz Answers 1) Surplus food, government, division of labor, calendar, writing system. 2) Nile, Tigres and Euphrates, Indus, Yellow. 3) The Nile is 4,160 miles in length. 4) The Nile flows South to North. 5) The prevailing winds blow from North to South.

3. Chapter 2.1 Terms 1) Hieroglyphics 2) Papyrus 3) Dynasty 4) Pharaoh 5) Polytheism 6) Monotheism 7) Rosetta Stone 8) Menes 9) Hyksos 10) Hatshepsut

4. Use pages 20-25 to identify the civilization characteristics of the Nile River Valley Civilization (Egypt) 1) Surplus food: 2) Government: 3) Division of Labor: 4) Writing System: 5) Calendar:

5. Background to Nile River Valley Civilization 5 Characteristics: 1) Surplus food: Climate and flooding provided rich soil and 2-3 growing seasons per year. Excess goods were transported and traded via boat up and down the Nile. 2) Government: Pharaoh-religious and political leader. Assumed the role of judge, high priest, and general of the army. Considered to be God’s. 3) Division of labor: citizens were divided into upper and lower social classes. Upper=pharaoh, royal family, priests, scribes, government officials, and nobles. Lower class=peasants and farmers.

6. Background to Nile River Valley Civilization 4) Writing System: Used hieroglyphics carved into stone and strong metals. Used papyrus to write hieroglyphics onto papyrus. 5) Calendar: Lunar-used primarily to identify planting and harvesting seasons.

7. Instructions: Divide your paper into thirds and label the top of each section like the chart below. Read pages 22-25 and fill in your chart with notes as you read to compare the three Egyptian kingdoms. OLD KINGDOM 2650-2180 B.C. MIDDLE KINGDOM 2040-1650 B.C. NEW KINGDOM 1570-1100 B.C. Global Relations: Internal Power Structure: Technological Developments: Global Relations: Internal Power Structure: Technological Developments: Global Relations: Internal Power Structure: Technological Developments: