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Published byGodfrey Bruce Modified over 9 years ago
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Table of Contents HS-Emergency Medical Responder
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Table of Contents 1. Proper Body Mechanics GoGo 2. Moving Patients Go Go 3. Positioning Patients Go Go 4. Equipment Go Go
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Table of Contents Body Mechanics ◦ Moving and positioning of the body ◦ Proper body mechanics: Increases efficiency Reduces risk of injury ◦ Incorrect body mechanics Can cause pain, fatigue, and even disability
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Table of Contents Physical Fitness ◦ For proper body mechanics, must be physically fit ◦ Exercise regularly Stretch Weights Cardiovascular ◦ Eat nutritiously
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Table of Contents Posture – Standing ◦ Proper body mechanics begins with good posture ◦ Guidelines
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Table of Contents Posture – Sitting ◦ Guidelines
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Table of Contents General Guidelines ◦ Know physical abililities ◦ Get help when needed ◦ Use equipment ◦ Position feet on firm, level surface ◦ Explain plan to patient
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Table of Contents Reaching Guidelines ◦ Keep back straight and lean from hips ◦ Don’t reach more than 15-20 inches in front of body ◦ Avoid strenuous effort over one minute
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Table of Contents Lifting Guidelines ◦ Bend at knees ◦ Use two hands ◦ Maintain firm grip ◦ Use legs, not back to lift ◦ First lift, then turn ◦ Do not twist
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Table of Contents Carrying Guidelines ◦ Use two hands ◦ Maintain firm grip ◦ Keep weight close to body ◦ Keep back straight
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Table of Contents Pushing & Pulling Guidelines ◦ Push rather than pull ◦ Use two hands ◦ Push from the area between your waist and shoulders ◦ Keep elbows bent ◦ Push from kneeling if weight below waist ◦ Avoid pushing or pulling from overhead position
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Table of Contents EMR Role in Moving Patients ◦ Move only when truly needed ◦ Recall primary focus ◦ Situations where necessary ◦ Assist higher level providers in lifting and moving patients
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Table of Contents Types of Moves ◦ Emergency move ◦ Urgent move ◦ Non-urgent move
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Table of Contents Emergency Moves ◦ Patient must be moved at once because of immediate danger Scene Patient in critical condition ◦ Patient blocking access to another patient in critical condition
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Table of Contents Types of Emergency Moves ◦ Provide as much protection to spine as possible ◦ 4 types of one- person emergency moves Shoulder-forearm drag Shirt drag Blanket drag Firefighter’s drag
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Table of Contents Urgent Move ◦ Patient must be moved quickly due to immediate threat to life ◦ Situations
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Table of Contents Non-urgent Moves ◦ Patient moved when ready for transport ◦ Allow for assessment and treatment completion ◦ Best way
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Table of Contents Types of Non-urgent Moves ◦ Patient moved onto patient carrier device Direct ground lift Extremity lift Direct carry Draw sheet method
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Table of Contents EMR Role in Positioning Patients ◦ Move only when needed ◦ If possible, wait for higher level providers ◦ May need to position patient in certain situations ◦ Assist as requested
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Table of Contents Patient Positions ◦ Depends on patient’s condition Supine Lateral Fowler’s ◦ Follow local protocols ◦ Use proper body mechanics when positioning patients
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Table of Contents In the supine position, patient lies face-up with arms at sides Suspected spine injury – placed on long backboard in supine position Shock – placed in Trendelenburg position
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Table of Contents Lateral position ◦ On side ◦ Recovery position ◦ Fetal position
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Table of Contents Fowler’s Position ◦ Sitting ◦ Makes breathing easier ◦ When on stretcher, more comfortable
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Table of Contents EMR Role and Equipment ◦ Not responsible for patient transport ◦ May assist as requested by higher- level EMS ◦ Be familiar with equipment ◦ Follow local protocol
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Table of Contents What equipment to used depends on patient’s condition, weight, environment and help available Should make move safest and easiest Follow local protocols Use proper body mechanics
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Table of Contents Types of Equipment ◦ Wheeled stretcher ◦ Portable stretcher ◦ Orthopedic stretcher ◦ Flexible stretcher ◦ Basket stretcher ◦ Stair chair
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Table of Contents Wheeled Stretcher ◦ Has undercarriage with wheeled legs ◦ Can be rolled ◦ Metal frame ◦ Restricted to smooth terrain ◦ Safest and easiest way to move patients
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Table of Contents Two rescuers can roll patients on wheeled stretchers Method
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Table of Contents Carrying Patients on Wheeled Stretchers ◦ Two rescuers can carry patients on wheeled stretchers over curbs ◦ Four rescuers preferred to carry over rough terrain ◦ Two-person carry method
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Table of Contents Patient on wheeled stretcher loaded into ambulance Method
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Table of Contents Portable Stretcher ◦ No undercarriage ◦ More compact and lightweight ◦ Must be lifted and carried ◦ May fold for compact carrying and storage
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Table of Contents Carrying Patients on Portable Stretchers ◦ Four rescuers preferred ◦ Method for four rescuers ◦ Method for two rescuers
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Table of Contents Loading Patients on Portable Stretchers ◦ Patients may be loaded into ambulance on portable stretcher ◦ Method
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Table of Contents Orthopedic Stretcher ◦ Splits into two or four sections ◦ Used with musculoskeletal injuries and conditions ◦ Compact ◦ Does not support spine injury
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Table of Contents Flexible Stretcher ◦ Made of flexible material ◦ Compact ◦ Lightweight ◦ Must be lifted and carried
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Table of Contents Basket Stretcher ◦ Made of rigid fiberglass or metal that surrounds patients on three sides ◦ Used to carry patients over rough terrain ◦ Must be lifted and carried ◦ Also known as Stokes stretcher
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Table of Contents Stair Chair ◦ Used to carry patients up and down stairs ◦ Should be used instead of stretchers on stairs ◦ Method ◦ Should not be used with unresponsive patients, suspected spine injury, lower extremity injury, altered mental status
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Table of Contents Backboards ◦ Flat boards used to immobilize patients ◦ Two types Long Short
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Table of Contents Long Backboard ◦ 6 to 7 feet long ◦ Immobilizes entire body from head to feet ◦ Patient lying down ◦ Also known as longboards
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Table of Contents Short Backboard ◦ 3 to 4 feet long ◦ Used to immobilize top part of patient’s body ◦ Patient in sitting position ◦ Also known as shortboard ◦ Kendrick Extrication Device (KED)
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Table of Contents Power-lift position ◦ Uses proper body mechanics Power grip ◦ Gets maximum force from the hands Power-lift & power grip provide safe and stable move
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Table of Contents Emergency Non-Urgent
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