1. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint Lectures for Biology: Concepts and Connections, Fifth Edition – Campbell, Reece, Taylor, and Simon Lectures by Chris Romero Chapter 16 The Origin and Evolution of Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists

2. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 16.0 Ancient Bacteria Changed the World Photosynthetic - dominated Earth from 3 billion years ago to - created Earth's aerobic atmosphere from

3. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings EARLY EARTH AND THE ORIGIN OF LIFE 16.1 The universe began with a "big bang" between - Planet Earth formed - volcanic activity,

4. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 16.2 How did life originate? - the first organisms approx. - experiments showed that organic molecules could have

5. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 16.3 In 1953, Stanley Miller and Harold Urey – used a mixture of inorganic molecules ( ) – created a laboratory environment that simulated - within days, some of the 20 ________________ that are found in organisms today were

6. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings PROKARYOTES 16.4 Prokaryotes have inhabited Earth for - survive in environments too

7. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 16.5 Prokaryotes have an immense – cause serious – have beneficial relationships with – are essential in the

8. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 16.6 Prokaryotes come in a variety of – Spheres ( – Rods ( – Curves or spirals (

9. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 16.7 Prokaryotic cells are ______________ than eukaryotic cells in both ______________ and ______________________ of genome - about one-thousandth as much DNA as

10. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 16.8 Prokaryote Nutrition – Autotrophs make their own from – Heterotrophs obtain their from

11. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings CONNECTION 16.9 Some prokaryotes cause - Pathogenic bacteria cause about half of - mostly by - secreted by - produce some of the most

12. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings CONNECTION 16.10 Bacteria have been used as biological weapons throughout - ___________________ in the Middle Ages - _________________ in the U.S.A. in 2001 - The Biological Weapons Convention - signed by - but is not always

13. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings CONNECTION 16.11 Prokaryotes help recycle chemicals and clean up – release O 2 into – decompose organic wastes and

14. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings PROTISTS 16.12 The eukaryotic cell probably originated as a Symbiosis: a close association between Eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells more than

15. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 16.13 Protists - mostly - found almost anywhere Video: Vorticella Habitat Video: Vorticella Habitat

16. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 16.14 Diatoms - photosynthetic, - glassy cell wall - contain 16.15 Amoebas - move and feed by means of

17. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 16.16 Red algae and green algae - closest relatives of 16.17 Green algae - named for

18. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings 16.18 Multi-cellularity evolved in -specialized cells perform - are dependent on - specialization may have led to distinctions between