1. MINERALS

2. What is a Mineral A naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a definite chemical composition and crystal shape

3. Where do Minerals Come from? Come from magma. The rate of cooling determines the size. Cools Slow – Large crystals Cools Fast – Small Crystals

4. Minerals make up rocks

5. Minerals are grouped according to their chemical composition

6. How do we identify Minerals? ColorDensity LusterCrystal Shape HardnessStreak Cleavage or Fracture

7. Color Not reliable – change color

8. Luster The way the mineral reflects light Metallic/Non-metallic, Glassy, Silky

9. Hardness The ability of a mineral to resist being scratched

10. Hardness is measured with Moh’s Hardness Scale 1 - 10 1 = Talc (powdery) 2.5 Fingernail 3.5 Penny10=Diamond 5.5 Glass 7 Topaz

11. Streak The color of the powder left by a mineral when rubbed against hard surface

12. Density Mass per volume D = M/V Most accurate way to identify mineral

13. Shape Result from the way the atoms or molecules of a mineral come together as mineral is forming

15. Fracture/Cleavage The way a mineral breaks Fracture = Uneven, rough jagged Cleavage = Smooth break