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Published byAlison Banks Modified over 8 years ago
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Immune Response and Immunity The Good Fight
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Immune Response An immune response is when your body’s B-cells make antibodies against a particular antigen
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What is an antigen? Antigen = any substance capable of triggering an immune response Ex: bacteria, viruses, cells from another person, etc. Antigen = any substance capable of triggering an immune response Ex: bacteria, viruses, cells from another person, etc.
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What is an antibody? Antibody = a protein made by B-cells that binds to an antigen and inactivates it - antibodies recognize a matching antigen like a lock recognizes a key
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Immunity Immunity = the production of antibodies and specialized cells that bind to and inactivate antigens
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Types of Cells 1. Phagocyte: type of white blood cell that engulfs foreign cells 2. Macrophage: type of phagocyte that engulfs bacteria 3. B cells: type of lymphocyte that produces antibodies
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More cells… 4. Helper T cells: assists B cells to develop into antibody producing plasma cells and can activate killer T-cells to divide 5. Killer T cells: type of T cell that binds to cell membrane of foreign cells and causes the cell to leak out fluid and thus kills it
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Types of Immunity 1.Active = your own B-cells make antibodies, your B-cells will remember how to make antibody. - this is permanent immunity
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2.Passive = you get an injection of another person’s antibodies or antibodies made by an animal - This is borrowed immunity and lasts only a short time - Get antibodies through mother’s milk 2.Passive = you get an injection of another person’s antibodies or antibodies made by an animal - This is borrowed immunity and lasts only a short time - Get antibodies through mother’s milk
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Vaccine = dead or weakened viruses or bacteria that are injected into the body to produce an immune response
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Blood Types: Antigens and Antibodies Four major human blood types: A B AB O Four major human blood types: A B AB O
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Blood type depends on the presence or absence of 2 antigens on the surface of your red blood cells
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Type A blood: has A antigen on the red blood cell, has B antibodies Type B blood: has B antigen on the red blood cell, has A antibodies Type A blood: has A antigen on the red blood cell, has B antibodies Type B blood: has B antigen on the red blood cell, has A antibodies
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Type AB blood: has A and B antigens on the red blood cell, has neither antibody Type O blood: has no antigens on the red blood cell, has A and B antibodies Type AB blood: has A and B antigens on the red blood cell, has neither antibody Type O blood: has no antigens on the red blood cell, has A and B antibodies
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Blood Donation Blood types must be compatible. AB is considered the universal recipient O is considered the universal donor
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