1. Population Change = (Births+Immigration) – (Deaths + Emigration) Crude Birth Rate = # of live births per 1000 Crude Death Rate = # of deaths per 1000 95% of daily population growth occurs in developing countries Global Growth Rate = 1.3% (equivalent to adding another USA every 3.6 years) China = 1.5 billion India = over 1 billion USA = ~300 million ~40% 5% Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Russia, Bangladesh, Japan, Nigeria Top 10 Most Populous

3. Replacement Level Fertility = # a couple must bear to replace themselves Developed = 2.1 Developing = 2.5 Even if each of today’s couples had an average of 2.1 children, the population would continue to grow for 50+ years (population momentum) Total Fertility Rate (TFR) – average # of children a woman will have during her child bearing years (15-49) Developed = 1.6 (2.5 in 1950) Developing = 3.1 (6.5 in 1950) WHY IS THERE A DIFFERENCE?

4.  US growth rate = ~1.2% …Doubling Time?  About 50-60% is due to immigration  Highest growth rate of ANY developed nation

5. INDIA  First national family planning program (1952)  Developing country – GNI (~2,500)  Self-sufficient in grain production/ suffering from malnutrition  Cropland is degraded – soil erosion, salinization; overgrazing  70% of water is pollutedCHINA  Cut it’s TFR from 5.7(1972) to 1.8 (2002)  Married couples have FREE access to contraception, sterilizations; abortions  BENEFITS of one child: extra food; larger pensions; better housing; free medical care; free tuition of children