1. Chapter AP* Sixth Edition World Civilizations The Global Experience World Civilizations The Global Experience Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Civilization in Eastern Europe: Byzantium and Orthodox Europe 9

2. Chapter AP* Sixth Edition World Civilizations The Global Experience World Civilizations The Global Experience Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Flashcards: Greek fireGreek fire Basil the Bulgar SlayerBasil the Bulgar Slayer 9

3. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Beginning of Byzantine Empire Roman Emperor Constantine 4th C. C.E., moved capitol to Constantinople Empire divided Greek language became official

4. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Byzantine Empire under Justinian

5. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Justinian's Achievements Justinian Attempted reconquest of Italy Slavs, Persians attack Building projects –Hagia Sophia Legal codification –Justinian’s Code

6. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert External Pressure Constant external threats –Arab Muslims –Bulgars  Defeated by Basil II, 11th century

7. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Byzantine Politics Emperors resemble Chinese rulers –Court ritual –Head of church and state Sophisticated bureaucracy –Open to all classes –Strong educational system Provincial governors –Eventually gain more power

8. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Byzantine Society Economic control –Regulation of food prices, trade –Silk production Trade network –Asia, Russia, Scandinavia, Europe, Africa Arts –Creativity in architecture

9. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Split Between East and West The Schism –Separate paths for Christianity –Patriarch Michael  1054, attacks Catholic practices –Mutual excommunication

10. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Empire's Decline Period of decline from 11th century Seljuk Turks –Take most of Asian provinces –1071, Manzikert  Major Byzantine defeat Slavic states emerge

11. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Byzantine Empire, 1000-1100

12. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Empire's Decline Appeal to West brings Crusaders –1204, Venetian crusaders sack Constantinople 1453, Constantinople taken by Ottoman Turks –1461, empire gone

13. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Spread of Byzantine Culture Into Eastern Europe: Through conquest, conversion, trade Cyril & Methodius, convert Slavs –Use Cyrillic script

14. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The East Central Borderlands Competition from Catholics and Orthodox Greeks –Catholics influenced Czechs, Hungary, Poland –Orthodox in Russia, Bulgaria –Regional monarchies prevail –Jews from western Europe

15. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Emergence of Kievan Rus' New Patterns of Trade –Slavs from Asia  Iron working, extend agriculture  Mix with earlier populations  Family tribes, villages  Kingdoms  Animistic

16. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Emergence of Kievan Rus' New Patterns of Trade –6th, 7th centuries  Scandinavian merchants Traded with Byzantines –c. 855, monarchy under Rurik  Center at Kiev –Vladimir I (980-1015)  Converted to Orthodoxy  Controlled church

17. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert East European Kingdoms and Slavic Expansion, c. 1000

18. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Institutions and Culture in Kievan Rus' Influenced by Byzantine patterns Orthodox influence –Ornate churches –Icons –Monasticism Art, literature dominated by religion, royalty Free farmers predominant

19. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Institutions and Culture in Kievan Rus' Boyars, landlords –Less powerful than in the West

20. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Kievan Decline Decline from 12th century –Rival governments –Succession struggles Asian conquerors Mongols (Tartars) –13th century, take territory –Traditional culture survives

21. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The End of an Era in Eastern Europe Mongol invasions usher in new period East and West further separated

22. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Global Connections: Eastern Europe and the World Byzantium differed from Russia –Byzantium was link in long-distance trade –Russia turned towards the West  Dependent on Byzantium  Decline of Byzantium leads to isolation for Russia