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Published byErik Kerry Bates Modified over 9 years ago
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Marine Microbes
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What is a Microbe? All three domains: Unicellular Important as: –Primary producers –Consumers –Pathogens –Symbionts –Sediment producers
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Marine Viruses Total dependence on host 10x more abundant than prokaryotes Infectious agents of all marine life
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Bacteria Spheres, rods, and other shapes Heterotrophic and autotrophic Important groups: –Decay bacteria –Cyanobacteria (“Blue-green algae”) Why “blue-green”? Where can we find it?
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Archaea Similar shapes to bacteria Small (0.1-15 um) Prokaryotic Hetero and autotrophic So why aren’t they bacteria?
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Living on the Edge! Hypersaline lakes Hydrothermal vents Deep muds (anoxic) High acidity/alkalinity
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But not always!
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Prokaryote Metabolism Autotrophy - Organic carbon produced Photoautotrophy Chemoautotrophy Heterotrophy - Followed by respiration Anaerobic Aerobic Nitrogen fixation Autotrophy - Organic carbon produced Photoautotrophy Chemoautotrophy Heterotrophy - Followed by respiration Anaerobic Aerobic Nitrogen fixation
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The Problem with Protista Extreme Diversity Single and multicellular Major size variations “Plant-like” protists act like animals and vice versa Structural diversity within groups Different evolutionary histories But where else do you put them???
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Protozoans (“Animal-like”) Very diverse, though all eukaryotic and unicellular (some colonial) Heterotrophic (some photosynthesize also) Foraminiferans, Radiolarians, and Ciliates
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Foraminiferans “Forams” Bottom dwellers CaCO 3 test w/ pseudopodia Biogenous sediments (limestone, chalk)
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Radiolarians Planktonic Silicate test w/ pseudopodia Biogenous sediments (silica, glass)
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Algae (“Plant-like”) Unicellular and multicellular Photosynthetic (some heterotrophy) Color determined by pigments in chloroplasts
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Why aren’t they plants? Lack specialized structures (leaves, roots, stems, etc.) Some have animal-like traits (free swimming, heterotrophy) Simple reproductive structures
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Diatoms Unicellular Mostly planktonic Primary producers in polar and temperate regions Chlorophyll a & c, Carotenoids Silica cell walls
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Dinoflagellates Planktonic producers (some hetero and parasitic) 2 flagella, cellulose cell wall Zooxanthellae Bioluminescence
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Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) Seasonal blooms normal Usually dinoflagellates Eutrophication Why are they harmful? –Organism death due to toxins, O 2 depletion, gill damage, etc. –Toxins stored in tissues (ex. PSP)
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