1. Societal-Scale Computing: The eXtremes Scalable, Available Internet Services Information Appliances Client Server Clusters Massive Cluster Gigabit Ethernet MEMS The Very Large The Very Small New System Architectures New Enabled Applications Diverse, Connected, Physical

2. Motivation and Goals Exploiting IT to enhance understanding –Significantly more convenient for people to interact with information, devices, and other people than today’s systems –Pervasive use of introspection and exploitation of tacit information –Supported by a reliable, scalable “planetary-scale” Information Utility Technical Approach: Pervasive Information Utility, based on new concept of “fluid systems,” supporting innovative applications for problem solving & learning

3. The Coming Revolution Evolution Information Appliances: Scaled down desktops, e.g., CarPC, PdaPC, etc. Evolved Desktops Servers: Scaled-up Desktops, Millennium Revolution Information Appliances: Many computers per person, MEMs, CCDs, LCDs, connectivity Servers: Integrated with comms infrastructure; Lots of computing in small footprint Display Keyboard Disk Mem  Proc PC Evolution Display Camera Smart Sensors Camera Smart Spaces Computing Revolution WAN Server, Mem, Disk Information Utility BANG! Display Mem Disk  Proc

4. System Architecture for Vastly Diverse Devices Leader Culler The Large: Enable distributed creation & deployment of scalable, available services The Small: “Small Device OS” for Dust Motes Servers Clients Servers Infrastructure Services Open

5. Endeavour Project: 21st Century Computing & Communications at the Extreme R. H. Katz, Principal Investigator J. Canny, D. Culler, M. Franklin, J. Hellerstein, A. Joseph, J. Kubiatowicz, J. Landay, D. Patterson, K. Pister, L. Rowe, D. Tygar, R. Wilensky, Co-PIs

6. Pac Bell IBM AT&T Canadian OceanStore IBM Sprint Implementation & Deployment of Oceanic Data Info Utility Leader Kubiatowicz Infrastructure storage for ubiquitous devices and mobile users Needed: strong security, coherence, automatic replica management & optimization, simple & automatic recovery from disasters, utility model New Technology: expanding search, erasure coding, introspective monitoring & optimization, incremental cryptographic techniques Confederations of (Mutually Suspicious) Utilities

7. Sensor-Centric Data Management for Capture/Reuse Leader Hellerstein Managing Data Floods –Never ends: interactive direction –Big: data reduction/aggregation –Unpredictable: scale of devices and nets not behave nicely Builds on CONTROL and River/Eddy System –Early answers, interactivity, online aggregation –Information processing via massively parallel, adaptive dataflows –Extended to wide-area: operator placement, reordering Telegraph Data Manager –Distributed Storage Manager based on event flow and state machines –Continuously adaptive dataflow with applications to sensor data and streaming media

8. Tacit Knowledge Infrastructure and Collaborative Applications Leaders Canny/Joseph/Landay Exploit information about the flow of information to improve collaborative work –Capture, organize, and place tacit information for most effective use –Learning techniques: infer communications flow, indirect relationships, availability/participation to enhance awareness and support opportunistic decision making New applications –3D “activity spaces” for representing decision- making activities, people, & information sources –Visual cues to denote strength of ties between agents, awareness levels, activity tracking, & attention span –Electronic Problem-based Learning in Enhanced Physical and Virtual Learning Spaces Display Camera Smart Sensors Camera Smart Spaces

9. Summary and Conclusions 21st Century Computing –Making people’s exploitation of information more effective –Encompassing eXtreme diversity, distribution, and scale –Computing you can depend on Key Support Technologies –“Fluid software” computational paradigms –System and UI support for eXtreme devices –Pervasive, planetary-scale system utility functionality –Active, adaptive, safe and trusted components –New “power tool” applications that leverage community activity Broad multidisciplinary team spanning the needed applications, evaluation, and system technology skills –Culture of large-scale, industry-relevant high impact research projects