1. 1 CHOICE, CHARTERS, AND CHANGE

2. 2 How Choice Policies Are Affecting Michigan’s Education System

3. 3 The story in numbers –Where are charter schools located? –Who takes advantage of interdistrict choice? Limited impact on public schools Evidence of innovation How is the education system changing?

4. 4 Number of Charter Schools and Pupils in Michigan, 1995-99

5. 5 Aggregate Participation in Michigan’s Interdistrict Choice Program

6. 6 Charter School Location by Community Type, 1997-98

7. 7 Charter School Location by Host District Racial Composition, 1997-98

8. 8 Charter School Location by Host District MEAP Test Performance, 1997-98

9. 9 School District Participation in Interdistrict Choice by District Characteristic

10. 10 School District Participation in Interdistrict Choice by District Characteristic

11. 11 School District Participation in Interdistrict Choice by District Characteristic

12. 12 School District Participation in Interdistrict Choice by District Characteristic

13. 13 School District Participation in Interdistrict Choice by District Characteristic

14. 14 School District Participation in Interdistrict Choice by District Characteristic

15. 15 Difference in Characteristics of Educating versus Resident Districts for Interdistrict Choice Students

16. 16 Limited Impact At School Level Limited market penetration Low “signal to noise” ratio –Student turbulence –Other policy initiatives Preference versus performance Administrative and financial insulation –Fiscal centralization –Restricted administrative autonomy

17. 17 Limited Impact At School Level cont. Greater impact at district level –Evidence of innovation –Increased attention to marketing –Responsiveness to parents No systematic differences across districts

18. 18 Evidence of Innovation Still early--more talk than action Competitive response is now emerging –Lansing all-day kindergarten Star Institute Wexford Community School CLASS and collaboration

19. 19 Evidence of Innovation cont. Detroit –proposal for “alternative” charter schools Kent County –Superintendents’ Task Force Intermediate School Districts –entrepreneurialism and economies of scale –encouragement for cooperation and innovation

20. 20 How is the Education System Changing? Social sorting Market segmentation Emergence of management companies –Edison Project –New Heritage Academies –Others Impact on other actors –Private and religious schools –Independent charter schools

21. 21 Emerging Issues Limited market penetration –Remove current restrictions on choice –Provide start-up funding for charter schools Insufficient regulation and accountability –Oversight by MDE and chartering agents –Monitor access and equity special education free and reduced lunch Legislative rules matter