Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Progress with GaAs Pixel Detectors K.M.Smith University of Glasgow Acknowledgements: RD8 & RD19 (CERN Detector R.&D. collaboration) XIMAGE (Aixtron, I.M.C.,

Published byLoreen Phelps Modified over 8 years ago

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "Progress with GaAs Pixel Detectors K.M.Smith University of Glasgow Acknowledgements: RD8 & RD19 (CERN Detector R.&D. collaboration) XIMAGE (Aixtron, I.M.C.,"— Presentation transcript:

1 Progress with GaAs Pixel Detectors K.M.Smith University of Glasgow Acknowledgements: RD8 & RD19 (CERN Detector R.&D. collaboration) XIMAGE (Aixtron, I.M.C., Metorex, Freiburg, Glasgow, K.T.H.) MEDIPIX (CERN, Freiburg, Glasgow, Pisa) IMPACT (B.N.F.L., E.E.V., Oxford Instr., R.A.L., Glasgow, Imperial College, Leicester, UMIST) NSS Toronto 11/11/’98K.M.Smith

2 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Imaging 3 Requirements 0 Good 2-dimensional resolution(< 100 µm) 0 Linear dynamic range for low contrast (< 3%) 0 Lower dose to Patient/Sample in medical applications 0 Image processing capability (digital image) Readout Electronics Detector - Large dynamic range - 2-dimensional geometry (Pixel) - Single photon counting - High conversion efficiency for  - Low noise energies in the range 5 - 100 keV - Digital output - Good charge collection

3 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Why Single Photon Counting?  Linear and extendable dynamic range  Energy threshold 1) Compton suppression 2) Large signal-to-noise ratio 3) Insensitive to leakage current  Local threshold tuning ( for each pixel): - can also be used for gain equalisation  Asynchronous counting Minimum dead time

4 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Photon Counting Devices Monolithic Pixel Detectors  Material budget (H.E.P.) – fabrication – cost – material choices – efficiency – application specific

5 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Photon counting devices Hybrid Pixel Sensors : separation of detector - r/o : material choice : efficiency : dynamic range  smart pixels – cost – spatial resolution – bump bonding

6 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Hybrid Pixel Detectors

7 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Detection Modes Integration : spatial resolution : cheap : experience – dynamic range – detection efficiency – r/o speed – cost (if custom made) – charge integration Photon Counting : individual particle counting : choice of active media : detection-r/o separated : efficiency : dynamic range : “smart” pixels – spatial resolution – bump bonding – cost

8 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Pixel detectors Ω3 ROIC (CERN)  Matrix of 128 rows and 16 columns –Row pitch (depth) = 50  m –Column pitch (width) = 500  m –total area = 8 x 6.35 mm 2  ENC ~ 100 e - rms  Individual pixel addressing (mask + test)  Globally adjustable threshold

9 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Ω3 50  m 500  m 28  m

10 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Image - Washer (Al) full matrix single column 500  m stepsingle column 50  m step GaAs -  3

11 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Image Quality (II) Flood image

12 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith MTF comparison

13 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith X-Ray Diffraction   d d sin  Bragg’s law 2d sin  = n Powder Method X-ray beam Powder sample 22 detector

14 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Silicon Powder (XRD)

15 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Si-XRD (Resolution)

16 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Potassium Niobate (XRD)

17 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Potassium Niobate (XRD)

18 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Potassium Niobate

19 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith MEDIPIX  A true single photon counting readout chip  64 x 64 pixel matrix  pixel dim. 170 x 170  m 2  Sensitive area 1 cm 2  Individually adjust threshold  15-bit counter  Frame r/o 384  s at 10MHz

20 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Image - Objects (Pb) Thickness 600  m GaAs detector

21 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Read-out Electronics Photon Counting Chip (PCC): based on ideas developed by the RD19 collaboration (CERN)  SACMOS 1  m FASELEC Technology * Matrix of 64 x 64 Pixels  Pixel size 170  m x 170  m * 1.2 cm 2 sensitive area * 1.7 cm 2 total area * 1.6 M transistors

22 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Pixel Design 0 Charge sensitive amplifier with leakage current compensation 0 Discriminator with globally settable threshold 0 3-bit local threshold adjustment 0 Individual pixel test and mask modes 0 Counting controlled by shutter signal 0 15-bit pseudo-random counter 0 16-bit I/O Bus 0 Readout frequency: max. 10 MHz  Readout time: 384  s

23 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Performance of readout

24 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Detector performance Interesting energy range for medicine 10 - 100 keV [NIST Physical Reference Data]

25 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Detector design  Material: GaAs, S.I., 200  m thick * 64 x 64 pixel matrix  square pixels of 170 x 170  m 2 * 1.2 cm 2 sensitive area

26 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Electrical performance of system System = detector flip-chip bonded to readout chip Bonded detector settings:  min. mean threshold: ~2000 e -  trimmed threshold rms: ~125 e -  noise: ~200 e - (Note: a photon of 20 keV produces about 4700 e - in GaAs)

27 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Measurement of contrast ratio Signal Contrast Ratio: SCR = Signal to Noise: SNR= Distinguishing low contrast objects means:  Earlier recognition of tumours  Reduction of dose to patient Incident photons n n’ Object Detector | n - n’| n n

28 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Comparison of Experimental and Measured Contrast Ratios: Objects with Contrast Ratio of 1.9% can be Identified Results of Contrast Ratio Measurements

29 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Summary and Conclusions 4 Successful bump-bonding of 64 x 64 pixel array to ROIC 4 Measured threshold of ~2000 e - with ~125 e - rms 4 Images of a variety of objects illuminated with 241 Am- and 109 Cd-sources 4 Correctly identified objects of low contrast (1.9 %) 4 The system enables the evaluation of the potential and limitations of the photon counting method

30 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Gain map: detector X2:3 Image correction method

31 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Image correction beforeafter

32 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Hybridized GaAs pixel detector Sens-A-Ray Si-CCD

33 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Source Measurements: 241 Am (  -photons of 60 keV) Steel locking nut; Steel screw 300 - 500  m thick 6 mm long; 1mm slot

34 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Pixelcell Layout Photo 170  m

35 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith First Measurement of an Organic Sample with 109 Cd source  Fish Tail irradiation

36 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Measurements with sources: 109 Cd (photons of 22 and 25 keV) Tungsten wire,  500  m 300  m thick copper mask, 300 mm

37 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Contrast Measurements

38 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Electrical performance

39 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Source Measurements: 241 Am (  -photons of 60 keV) Steel screw Steel locking nut; 6 mm long; 1mm slot 300 - 500  m thick

40 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Pixel cell

41 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Hybrid Pixel Detector

42 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Simulated response of ERD1 Si pixel detector

43 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Simulated response of Si pixel detector to 137 Cs

44 NSS Toronto 11/11/'98K.M.Smith Preliminary evaluation of MEDIPIX read-out chip on Glasgow LEC GaAs pixel detector

Download ppt "Progress with GaAs Pixel Detectors K.M.Smith University of Glasgow Acknowledgements: RD8 & RD19 (CERN Detector R.&D. collaboration) XIMAGE (Aixtron, I.M.C.,"

Similar presentations

Image quality and spectroscopic characteristics of different silicon pixel imaging systems M. G. Bisogni, D.Bulajic, M. Boscardin, G. F. Dalla Betta, P.

Image quality and spectroscopic characteristics of different silicon pixel imaging systems M. G. Bisogni, D.Bulajic, M. Boscardin, G. F. Dalla Betta, P.
First DQE measurment of 500 µm thick Si hybrid pixel sensor with Photon counting readout for X-ray medical imaging M.Caria, J.Chaput, L.Sarry, B.Surre.

First DQE measurment of 500 µm thick Si hybrid pixel sensor with Photon counting readout for X-ray medical imaging M.Caria, J.Chaput, L.Sarry, B.Surre.
STATUS OF MEDIPIX-3, PLANS FOR TIMEPIX-2 X. Llopart.

STATUS OF MEDIPIX-3, PLANS FOR TIMEPIX-2 X. Llopart.
CHARGE COUPLING TRUE CDS PIXEL PROCESSING True CDS CMOS pixel noise data 2.8 e- CMOS photon transfer.

CHARGE COUPLING TRUE CDS PIXEL PROCESSING True CDS CMOS pixel noise data 2.8 e- CMOS photon transfer.
A silicon microstrip sensor for use in dental digital radiography P.F. van der Stelt Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

A silicon microstrip sensor for use in dental digital radiography P.F. van der Stelt Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Imaging Properties of the Medipix2 System exploiting Single and Dual Energy Thresholds L. Tlustos 1, R. Ballabriga 1, M. Campbell 1, E. Heijne 1, k Kincade.

Imaging Properties of the Medipix2 System exploiting Single and Dual Energy Thresholds L. Tlustos 1, R. Ballabriga 1, M. Campbell 1, E. Heijne 1, k Kincade.
B. Mikulec* M. Campbell, E. Heijne, X. Llopart, L. Tlustos CERN, Medipix Collaboration * now with the University of Geneva, Switzerland X-ray Imaging Using.

B. Mikulec* M. Campbell, E. Heijne, X. Llopart, L. Tlustos CERN, Medipix Collaboration * now with the University of Geneva, Switzerland X-ray Imaging Using.
PHENIX Vertex Tracker Atsushi Taketani for PHENIX collaboration RIKEN Nishina Center RIKEN Brookhaven Research Center 1.Over view of Vertex detector 2.Physics.

PHENIX Vertex Tracker Atsushi Taketani for PHENIX collaboration RIKEN Nishina Center RIKEN Brookhaven Research Center 1.Over view of Vertex detector 2.Physics.
Snowmass 2005 SOI detector R&D Massimo Caccia, Antonio Bulgheroni Univ. dell’Insubria / INFN Milano (Italy) M. Jastrzab, M. Koziel, W. Kucewicz, H. Niemiec.

Snowmass 2005 SOI detector R&D Massimo Caccia, Antonio Bulgheroni Univ. dell’Insubria / INFN Milano (Italy) M. Jastrzab, M. Koziel, W. Kucewicz, H. Niemiec.
Mid-IR photon counting array using HgCdTe APDs and the Medipix2 ROIC

Mid-IR photon counting array using HgCdTe APDs and the Medipix2 ROIC
Photon Counting Sensors for Future Missions

Photon Counting Sensors for Future Missions
SPIE Instrumentation for Astronomy AO - June22, 2004 John Vallerga, Jason McPhate, Anton Tremsin and Oswald Siegmund Space Sciences Laboratory, University.

SPIE Instrumentation for Astronomy AO - June22, 2004 John Vallerga, Jason McPhate, Anton Tremsin and Oswald Siegmund Space Sciences Laboratory, University.
Hiroyasu Tajima Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Nov 3–8, 2002 VERTEX2002, Kailua-Kona, Hawaii Gamma-ray Polarimetry ~ Astrophysics Application ~

Hiroyasu Tajima Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Nov 3–8, 2002 VERTEX2002, Kailua-Kona, Hawaii Gamma-ray Polarimetry ~ Astrophysics Application ~
Photon detection Visible or near-visible wavelengths

Photon detection Visible or near-visible wavelengths
ITAM CAS, IEAP CTU IWORID 2004Glasgow, 25 - 29th July IWORID 2004 OPTIMIZATION OF X ‑ RAY DYNAMIC DEFECTOSCOPY USING MEDIPIX-2 FOR HIGH FRAME RATE READ-OUT.

ITAM CAS, IEAP CTU IWORID 2004Glasgow, th July IWORID 2004 OPTIMIZATION OF X ‑ RAY DYNAMIC DEFECTOSCOPY USING MEDIPIX-2 FOR HIGH FRAME RATE READ-OUT.
The 6th International Workshop on Radiation Imaging Detectors, 25 - 29 July 2004, Glasgow Digital X-ray portable scanner based on monolithic semi-insulating.

The 6th International Workshop on Radiation Imaging Detectors, July 2004, Glasgow Digital X-ray portable scanner based on monolithic semi-insulating.
K.-F. Pfeiffer, PI4 Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg 1 IWORID 4, September 2002 Large scale x-ray images taken with the Medipix1 chip Karl-Friedrich Pfeiffer.

K.-F. Pfeiffer, PI4 Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg 1 IWORID 4, September 2002 Large scale x-ray images taken with the Medipix1 chip Karl-Friedrich Pfeiffer.
Applications of a Pixellated Detection System to Digital Mammography

Applications of a Pixellated Detection System to Digital Mammography
Measurement Results Detector concept works! Flood fields show MCP fixed pattern noise that divides out Spatial resolution consistent with theory (Nyqvist.

Measurement Results Detector concept works! Flood fields show MCP fixed pattern noise that divides out Spatial resolution consistent with theory (Nyqvist.
Silicon Sensor with Readout ASICs for EXAFS Spectroscopy Gianluigi De Geronimo, Paul O’Connor Microelectronics Group, Instrumentation Division, Brookhaven.

Silicon Sensor with Readout ASICs for EXAFS Spectroscopy Gianluigi De Geronimo, Paul O’Connor Microelectronics Group, Instrumentation Division, Brookhaven.

Similar presentations

Ads by Google