1. Memory Retrieval: Getting Information Out

2. Retrieval Retrieval is: Recall Recognition Speedy relearning All three are evidence that something has been learned

3. Retrieval Retrieval Cues Priming A quick association that leads to recall of a memory Context Effects Similar location and conditions might help to trigger a memory Moods Some information is more easily recalled when you are in a similar mood as when the information was processed

4. Forgetting The Seven Sins of Memory Three sins of forgetting Absent-mindedness – inattention to details produces encoding failure Transience – storage decay over time Blocking – inaccessibility of stored information

5. Forgetting Three sins of distortion Misattribution – confusions the source of information Suggestibility – the lingering effects of misinformation Bias – belief-colored recollections One sin of intrusion Persistence – unwanted memories

6. Forgetting Encoding Failure Information is never entered into our long term memory Can you spot the real penny?

7. Forgetting Storage Decay Previously learned information is sometimes lost A gradual fading of the physical memory trace

8. Forgetting Retrieval Failure Interference Proactive interference – something you learned earlier disrupts recall of something you experience later Retroactive interference – something you learned recently disrupts your recall of something you previously learned

9. Forgetting Motivated Forgetting Repression – the banishing from consciousness anxiety- arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories