1. Tang Dynasty 618-907

2. Beginnings  General Li Shimin founded Tang dynasty  Named Taizong – “Great Ancestor” Fixed of Chinese and “barbarian” blood Fixed of Chinese and “barbarian” blood  First had his father on the throne, who abdicated

3. Government  Chang’an 1 Million people, including foreigners who were traders and merchants 1 Million people, including foreigners who were traders and merchants 30 square miles 30 square miles

4. Government  Civil service exams Supported by government schools Supported by government schools Forbidden to serve in native places “ rule of avoidance” Forbidden to serve in native places “ rule of avoidance” Limited to terms of 3 years Limited to terms of 3 years Moved to different districts Moved to different districts Reduced power of great families Reduced power of great families

5. Government  Military based on Militia  Revenue system – based on land tax  Government monopoly on Salt, tea, and liquor  Rebuilt road and canal network with post stations

6. Culture  Golden Age of Art and Literature  Art Glazes on Pottery Glazes on Pottery Focused on Human Figure Focused on Human Figure Monochromatic Monochromatic

7. Dish in the Shape of a Leaf Night Shinning White

8. Phoenix- headed ewer Floral Medallions

9. Seated Buddha Standing Court Lady

10. Culture cont’d  Poets  Lia Bai  Bu Fu

11. Technology  Cast iron  Crossbow  Gunpowder,  Compass  Porcelain  Coal as fuel  Waterwheels  Paper Currency  Wheelbarrow  Wallpaper

12. Expansion  Overseas trade expanded with absorption of Fujian and absorption of southeast coast  Reincorporated northern Vietnam, Xinjiang, and southern Manchuria  Incorporated Korea as a tributary state

14. Collapse  Revenue base began to erode  Imperial land grants to notables who avoided taxes  Population grew more quickly than land and money could provide  Began outlawing contact with other ethnicities

15. Collapse  Military supported by mercenaries  Eunuchs’ power increasing  Rebellions Country divided by generals Country divided by generals Attacked by groups in the north, taking control of including southern Manchuria Attacked by groups in the north, taking control of including southern Manchuria  Ended in chaos and civil war

16. Song Dynasty 966-1279

17. Beginnings  Follows Five Dynasty Period and later Zhou Period  General Guo Wei rival of Later Zhou conquered middle Yangzi region of Chu  Kingdom of Shu of Sichuan

18. Government  Issued paper currency credited growth of commerce  Civil Service recruited for higher posts from educated who passed three levels of imperial examinations  Personal Property assessed for Taxation  Trained Militia and supplied with Arms Strengthen Loyalty and Quality of Army Strengthen Loyalty and Quality of Army

19. Government  Government Schools  Open to anyone of ability  Allowed others a chance at office holding  Paid Mongols and others in silk and other goods as a way to pacify would be attackers

20. Culture  Song Poetry Wáng Ānshí Wáng Ānshí Zeng Gong Zeng Gong  Paintings focusing on Landscapes  Harmony between humans and nature  Patronized by Rich Urban Merchants  Popularization of Vernacular Language

21. Summer Mountains

22. Scholar on Horseback with Traveling Hat

23. Chinese Song dynasty Henan jar

24. Glazed Clay Jar

25. Technology  Improved Farming Techniques – Irrigation, fertilization, metal tools and proto- machines  Ships with water-tight compartments  Waterwheels  Incline Planes  Canal Locks  Gunpowder  Mortars

26. Depletion of Empire  Shrank in size, gave up land including Taipei,  Abandoned Tibet  Manchuria in Khitan control  Vietnam and Korea more independent

27. Collapse of Northern Song  Alliance with Jurchen against Khitan  Unimpressed with Song’s military abilities  Captured capital of Kaifeng 1126  Treaty with Jurchen fixed border at Huai River Pay annual tribute Pay annual tribute

29. Collapse of Southern Song  Attacks by Jurchen and Mongols Attacks by Jurchen take over Northern China Attacks by Jurchen take over Northern China Song establish Southern Song Dynasty Song establish Southern Song Dynasty Including Chinghis and Kubilai Khan Including Chinghis and Kubilai Khan  Mongols eventually take over Song China and establish Yuan Dyansty