1. Chapter 02 Systematic of cultivable fishes

2. Classification of living organisms
Super kingdom
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Viruses
1. Monera
2. Protista
3. Fungi
4. Plantae
5. Animalia
Phyllum- Porifera
Phyllum- Coelentrata
Phyllum- Ctenophora
Phyllum- Platyhelminthese
Phyllum- Aschehelminthese
Phyllum- Annelida
Phyllum- Arthropoda
Phyllum- Mollusca
Phyllum- Echinodermata
Phyllum- Hemichordata
Phyllum- Chordata

3. Phyllum-Chordata Sub-Phyllum-
Urochordata Cephalochordata Vertebrata
Division
Agnatha ii. Gnathostomata-
Supper Class-
Piscess (Bear fin) Tetrapoda (Bear limbs)
Class-
Placoderms
(Plate skinned, extinct primitive fishes)
Chondrichthyese (Cartilagenous fishes)
sub-class- i Holociphali (Rabit fishes)
sub-class- ii Elasmobranchii (sharks, Skates & Rays)
Osteichthyese (Bony fishes)
sub-class- Actinopterigii (Ray finned)
infra class- Chondrostei (sturgeons)
infra class- Holostei (Extinct except Amia, Lepisosteus)
infra class- Teleostei (modern bony fishes)
sub-class- sacropterygii (Fleshy fins)
Amphibia
Reptelia
Aves
Mamalians

4. Major cultivable fishes
Indian Major Carps
Exotic Major Carps

5. Systematic position of fishes
Series –Pisces
Class – Osteichthyses
Sub-class – Actinopterygii
Sub-division/Infra class – Teleostei
Order – Cypriniformes
Family – Cyprinideae
S.N. – Catla catla (Catla)
Labio rohita (Rohu)
Cirrhinus mrigala (Mrigal)
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Silver carp)
Ctenopharyngodon idella (Grass carp)
Cyprinus carpeo (Common carp)

6. Systematic position of fishes
Series –Pisces
Class – Osteichthyses
Sub-class – Actinopterygii
Sub-division/Infra class – Teleostei
Order – Siluriformes
Family – Clarideae
Scientific name – Clarius batrachus (Magur)

7. Systematic position of fishes
Series –Pisces
Class – Osteichthyses
Sub-class – Actinopterygii
Sub-division/Infra class – Teleostei
Order – Siluriformes
Family – Heteropneustideae
Scientific name – Heteropneustus fossilis (Singhi)

8. Systematic position of fishes
Series –Pisces
Class – Osteichthyses
Sub-class – Actinopterygii
Sub-division/Infra class – Teleostei
Order – Siluriformes
Family – Silurideae
Scientific name – Wallago attu (FW Shark)

9. Systematic position of fishes
Series –Pisces
Class – Osteichthyses
Sub-class – Actinopterygii
Sub-division/Infra class – Teleostei
Order – Siluriformes
Family – Pangasideae
Scientific name – Pangasius sutchi (Pangas)

10. Systematic position of fishes
Series –Pisces
Class – Osteichthyses
Sub-class – Actinopterygii
Sub-division/Infra class – Teleostei
Order – Chaniformes
Family – Channideae
Scientific name – Channa sp. (Snake head)

11. Systematic position of fishes
Series –Pisces
Class – Osteichthyses
Sub-class – Actinopterygii
Sub-division/Infra class – Teleostei
Order – Perciformes
Family – Anabentideae
Scientific name – Anabas testudineus (Koi)

12. Systematic position of fishes
Phyllum –Orthropoda
Class – Crustacea
Sub-class – Malacostraca
Order – Decapoda
Sub-order – Nanantia
Super Family – Pelamemonoidae
Infra order – Penaeidae
Family – Palaemonideae
S.N. - Macrobrachium rojenbergii (Giat FW P)
M. Malcomsonii (Indian river prawn)
M. Gangaticum (Ganga river prawn)

13. Chapter 03 Basic Morphological Features of Fishes

14. Morphology of Fish
Morphology dealing with the form and structure of organs or other parts of organisms and with the form and structure of organisms as a whole.

15. Function of External Part of the Body
Scale
Each of the small thin hard plates overlapping one another to cover the fish’s body. Protect against predator and have hydrodynamic function to reduce water friction and resistance to forward motion.
Anal fin
Swimming appendage formed of a membrane and rays located on the middle ventral portion of the body behind the anus; it provides stability.
Caudal fin
Powerful swimming appendage with two lobes formed of a membrane and rays located vertically at the posterior terminal part of the body; its function is propulsion.
Lateral line
Subcutaneous canal protruding from the body and head formed of organs that are sensitive to vibrations in the water; it detects and locates objects and animals.

16. Function of External Part of the Body
Soft ray
Long Y-shaped flexible part supporting the membrane of the second dorsal fin.
Pelvic fin
Swimming appendage formed of a membrane and rays located on the ventral surface of the body; it helps especially in maintaining equilibrium.
Pectoral fin
Swimming appendage made of bone that ensures stability, orientation, stopping and thermoregulation. Highly developed in sharks, flying fish, mudskipper etc.
Operculum
Thin bony plate of skin covering the gills and having a posterior valvular opening, the hearing organ.

17. Function of External Part of the Body
Maxilla
Toothed bone forming, with the premaxilla, the upper jaw.
Mandible
Toothed bone forming the lower jaw.
Nostril
External orifice of the nasal cavity located above the mouth with a highly developed olfactory function.
Premaxilla
Bone forming the anterior portion of the upper jaw.
Spiny ray
Hard sharp part supporting the membrane of the first dorsal fin.

18. Major characteristics features for description and identification of fish
Morphometric characters:
It refers to continuous variables (e.g. Head length as percentage of total body length); extracting measurements from shape.
Meristic characters :
It refers to discontinuous variables (e.g. No. of spines and soft rays of dorsal fin or the no. of vertebrae)
Descriptive characters:
It refers to distinguishable characters (e.g. Caudal fin shape, relative position of fins coloration and colour pattern)

19. Types of scale
Leptoid scale – a. Cycloid scale - Ex. Salmon, Trout, Carps
b. Ctenoid Scale - Ex. Perch
Placoid scale – Ex. Shark, Rays
Ganoid scale – Ex. Sturgeon & Gars
Cosmoid scale – Ex. Lung fish

20. Cycloid Scale
Rainbow Trout

21. Ctenoid scale
Perch /Sea bass

22. Placoid scale

23. Ganoid scales
Gar fish

24. Cosmoid scale
Lung Fish

25. Types of mouth parts Superior type Terminal type
Sub-terminal type/Inferior type

26. Fish Morphology/ Fish Shape
(Tuna)
(Tautog)
(Skate)
(Eel fish)
(Pipe fish)
(Ribbon fish)
(Snake head)

27. Fish Morphology/ Caudal fin Shape

28. Thank you