2. COMPOUNDS AND BONDING

3. What is a COMPOUND? A compound is a substance that is composed of atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically combined. –EX: Water is a combination of oxygen and hydrogen. The properties of the compound are different than the properties of the two different elements.

4. How do the elements (atoms) combine? Atoms can combine using one of two methods: –Covalent Bonding –Ionic Bonding This only happens when conditions are just right!

5. COVALENT BONDING SHARING and CARING Remember what you know about protons and electrons! When two atoms SHARE electrons, the force that holds them together is called a COVALENT BOND. Most compounds in organisms have covalent bonds. (Ex: sugars, fats, etc)

6. COVALENT BONDING

7. What is a MOLECULE? A MOLECULE is a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds. EX: Water molecule H 2 0 2 atoms of hydrogen +1 atom of oxygen +1 atom of oxygen 1 molecule of water!

8. Some atoms always form the same number of bonds with other atoms. NameSymbol Number of bonds Bonding Capacity HydrogenH1 H OxygenO2O NitrogenN3N CarbonC4C

9. Organic vs. Inorganic An organic compound is any compound that has a carbon- hydrogen bond in it!

11. IONIC BONDING OPPOSITES DO ATTRACT! Remember what you know about protons and electrons! An ION is a charged particle. IONIC bonding then deals with charges! IONIC BONDS are formed when atoms of opposite charge are attracted to each other. (+ - )

12. IONIC BOND