1. U NIT 12: H UMAN R EGULATION AND R EPRODUCTION Lesson 3: Kidney Structure and Histology

2. L EARNING O UTCOMES 1. To be able to accurately draw a diagram of a kidney. 2. To be able to draw images seen under a microscope of kidney histology.

3. K IDNEY : U LTRASTRUCTURE Label the diagram: Get a post-it note:

4. R ECAP Q UESTIONS : 1. What is the main function of the Kidney? 2. Describe the size and shape of a kidney. 3. What is the name of the artery that supplies the kidney with blood? 4. Where are nephrons positioned in the kidney?

5. T HE K IDNEY : G ROSS S TRUCTURE

6. Cortex Pyramids Medulla Renal Pelvis Renal Artery Renal Vein

9. T HE K IDNEY R ECAP : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FN3MFhYPW Wo (TED)

10. K IDNEY D ISSECTION :

14. B IOLOGICAL DRAWINGS Use plain (unlined) paper Always use a sharp pencil Draw using continuous lines Do not shade or colour All label lines drawn with a ruler Labels written horizontally Title

15. N EPHRON F ACTS There are approximately 1 million nephrons in each human kidney. They are responsible for the balance of water, ions and pH in the blood. They also secrete the hormones: Erythropoietin Renin Vitamin D3

16. K IDNEY H ISTOLOGY This is a micrograph of a section of kidney. Can you spot any part of the nephron?

17. G LOMERULUS

18. C ORTEX :

19. G LOMERULI AND T UBULES

20. C ONVOLUTED T UBULES Because the proximal convoluted tubule is considerably longer than the distal convoluted tubule, a typical section of the renal cortex includes many more profiles of proximal tubules than of distal tubulesproximal convoluted tubuledistal convoluted tubuleproximal tubulesdistal tubules

21. M EDULLA

22. M EDULLARY T UBULES – L ONGITUDUNAL S ECTION

23. M EDULLARY T UBULES : C ROSS S ECTION

24. B IOLOGICAL D RAWINGS

26. C LASS WORK TASKS 1. Draw a pencil diagram of a cross section of a whole kidney. Ensure you label the main sections. 2. Observe microscope slides of kidney histology. Identify the sections of the nephron you are observing. Make a biological drawing of your microscope slide. Annotate/label your diagram.

27. P ODOCYTES

28. Highly Specialised Cells Present in the glomerulus / bowman's capsule. Allows filtrate to move from capillary to Bowman’s capsule Creates the high pressure needed for ultrafiltration to occur

29. M ORE DETAILS ON P ODOCYTES : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6dbJh649RJQ

30. H OMEWORK : Find out what process happens at the glomerulus / bowman’s capsule. Write a few sentences about this process.

31. T O FINISH : Draw diagrams on the windows. Annotate and write any facts / details you have learnt.