1. The 13 Colonies: New England Pages 100-105

2. WHY DID PEOPLE SETTLE IN THE 13 COLONIES?  They wanted a chance at a better life in North America  They wanted to find freedoms they didn’t have at home.

3. WHERE WERE THE 13 COLONIES?  Along the Atlantic Ocean  New France was to the North  New Spain was to the South  The Appalachian Mountains were to the West and formed a natural boundary.

4. NEW ENGLAND COLONIES (PAGES 100-105)  Rhode Island  Connecticut  Massachusetts  New Hampshire

5. NEW ENGLAND Geography was shaped by Glaciers!  Trapped rocks and ice cut deep valleys through the mountains  They scraped up much of the soil, leaving it thin, rocky and sandy

6. NEW ENGLAND CLIMATE  The climate - warm summers & long and bitterly cold winters.  Climate and the poor soil conditions led to small farms, a short growing season and little left over to sell.

7. HOW NEW ENGLAND COLONISTS MADE MONEY 1. Whaling Products made from whales- A fat that could be used for lubrication, a waxy fat that made bright candles, and an oil that could be used for burning in oil lamps.

8. OTHER NEW ENGLAND INDUSTRIES 2. Ship Building- Using the lumber from the nearby forests 3. Fishing- Rich fishing grounds full of fish like cod.

9. OTHER COLONIAL JOBS: 1. Milling 2. Inn-Keeping 3. Blacksmithing 4. Barrel Maker

10. MASSACHUSETTS AND THE PURITANS  Unlike the Pilgrims, Puritans did not want to separate from the Church of England-they wanted to change the church and make it “pure”  King James of England jailed many Puritans for their views.  1629 a group of wealthy Puritans obtained a charter for the Massachusetts Bay Colony  The Puritans named there first settlement Boston, MA Massachusetts Bay Colony Seal

11. THE PURITANS IN NEW ENGLAND John Winthrop Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony Wanted to create an IDEAL colony based on the Bible Learned from the mistakes of the Pilgrims- Arrived during warmer weather and brought more supplies! All members of the community had to enter a covenant, or contract, with the church. In this agreement, the family promised to follow the rules of the Puritan church. John Winthrop was elected the first governor.

12. PURITAN CHILDREN IN NEW ENGLAND Treated like grown-ups and were expected to work hard. Girl’ JobsBoys’ Jobs spinning woolcutting wood making clothesbuilding and repairing buildings cooking and preserving foods caring for animals doing household jobs (making soap and other jobs) planting and tending to the crops

13. SCHOOLING IN NEW ENGLAND  Puritans wanted children to be able to read the Bible so boys and girls were taught to read.  Passed law that every town of at least 50 families had to build a school, (some of the first public schools)  Only older boys were allowed to go on to college.

14. MAJORITY RULES!  In the center of each Puritan village was a grassy area called the village common.  A nearby meeting house also served as a church.  At TOWN MEETINGS, issues were discussed and decisions were made by majority vote. This is a form of self-government.

15. BANISHED FROM THE COLONY… Even though each person entered a covenant, some people still disagreed with Puritan leaders. Puritans valued being able to practice their religion in their own way, but did not give the same freedom to those who disagreed, dissenters. Those who did not obey were usually forced to leave the colony, banishment

16. 1. Roger Williams-believed that government should tolerate people with different views. Tolerate-to allow people to have beliefs or behaviors that are different for everyone. 2. Anne Hutchison-told Puritans who met in her home that people should understand the Bible in their own way 3. Thomas Hooker also disagreed with Puritan beliefs. He thought that churches should be independent from one another and should choose their own leaders

17. CONFLICTS WITH THE NATIVE AMERICANS  Wampanoag and Pequot -2 of the Native American groups in the area  At first things were peaceful, but later colonists ignored the rights of Native Americans  The Pequot became upset as colonists settled and expected them to move out. They wanted to maintain their control over the fur trade in the area.  The death of An English trader sparked tension that would lead to an attack on the Pequot nation.

18. THE PEQUOT WAR  In 1637 war broke out between the colonists and Pequot Native American Indians. Settlers surrounded a Pequot village in Connecticut and set fire to it.  Hundreds of Pequot men, women and children were killed. Those captured were sold into slavery- treated as property and forced to work.  The survivors gave away rights to their land, and more settlers were able to move in without resistance.

19. THE PEACEFUL WAMPANOAG HAVE ENOUGH  King Massasoit of the Wampanoag kept peace for 40 years, but following his death, more and more settlers moved in, straining relations with the tribe.  The new leader of the Wampanoag was Massasoit’s son, Metacomet. He was called Philip by the English governor, and the colonists began to refer to him as King Philip,

20. KING PHILIP’S WAR  King Philip’s War began in 1675. It was one of the bloodiest wars ever fought in North America, and lasted for more than a year.  Metacomet’s warriors attacked 52 towns and killed more than 600 colonists. They burned towns, and destroyed crops.  Eventually, the colonists captured and killed Metacomet, and managed to turn the war around. About 4,000 Indians were killed and others including Metacomet’s wife and son were sold into slavery.  Native American power never recovered in New England.

21. VOCABULARY DEFINITIONS NEW ENGLAND COLONIES-LESSON 1  Covenant- an agreement or contract (usually religious based)  Common- Land in the center of a village that was used by everyone  Tolerate-to allow people to have beliefs or behaviors that are different for everyone  Fundamental-basic  Slavery-the practice of owning people and forcing them to work without pay