1. Plants What Is a Plant? Types, Structures, Functions and Adaptations
Unit Overview – pages

2. Section 21.1 Summary – pages 559 - 563
Plants
A plant is:
multicellular
eukaryotic
Most produce their own food
Have thick cell walls of cellulose
Section 21.1 Summary – pages

3. Plant Types Plants Non Vascular Vascular Vascular seeded Vascular
non-seeded
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms

4. Plant Types Non Vascular
only have cell walls to provide support, so they are small, low plants.
lacks roots, true leaves, and stems **

5. Plant Types: nonvascular
produce spores
Live and depend on moist environments
Reproduction and Survival
mosses, liverworts and hornworts.

6. Plant Types Vascular – “veins” Two Major Groups:
Seedless Vascular Plants
Vascular Seed Plants
Vascular tissues transports food/water
Xylem - transports water and minerals
Phloem - transports food/nutrients

7. Plant Types: vascular Seedless Have a vascular system
reproduce only by SPORES
Leaves are called fronds

8. Plant Types: vascular Seeded
have vascular tissue, use seed to reproduce and have leaves, stems and roots.
Seeds allow for greater reproductive success
Embryo
Food Supply
Seed Coat

9. Plant Types: vascular/seeded
Gymnosperms
- “naked seed”
- seeds NOT protected by fruit
Conifers
- Cone-bearing plants
- Cones are either male or female
- Largest and most diverse group of gymnosperms
Most are evergreen

10. Plant Types: vascular/seeded
Angiosperms
Flowering plants
produce seeds enclosed within a fruit.
- Produce fruits with 1 or more seeds
- Fruit aid in seed dispersal

11. Plant Types Angiosperms
2 types: determined by the number of cotyledons
Monocot—one seed leaf
Ex. Corn, grass
Dicot—two seed leaves
Ex: Trees, shrubs, sunflowers, most flowers

12. 1 seed leaf
2 seed leaves

13. Plant Types Monocot: Petals in multiples of 3
Parallel network of veins
vascular bundles scattered throughout the stem.
Ex: grasses, orchids, lilies, and palms.

15. Plant Types vascular bundles that form a ring Dicots Network of veins
Petals of multiples of 4 or 5
Most shrubs and trees (except conifers), cacti, wildflowers, garden flowers, vegetables, and herbs.
vascular bundles that form a ring

17. Plant Structures and Adaptation
Roots
Stems
Leaves
Cuticles
Seeds / Reproduction

18. Plant Structures and Adaptations
Roots - structures that allow plants to obtain water/nutrients from soil
Tap - prop
Fibrous - aerial

19. Plant Structures and Adaptations
Stems - provides support for growth and food storage.
Xylem and phloem

20. Plant Structures and Adaptations
Protection and Reproduction
Cuticles - waxy coating on the outside of plant that prevents water loss
Seeds/spores -keep reproductive cells from drying out

21. Plant Structures and Adaptations
Tissue
Stomata: controls the exchange of gases, and water loss
Guard cells: control the opening and closing of stomata.

22. Plant Structures and Adaptations
Leaves - structural adaptations for functions
release irritants
Cactus spines are modified leaves that help reduce water loss and provide protection

23. Plant Structures and Adaptations
Carnivorous plants - have leaves with adaptations that can trap insects or other small animals.
grow in places where the soil is thin or poor in nutrients
Pitcher plant, Venus fly trap

24. Plant Structures and Adaptations
Course flower – in full bloom gives off an odor of rotting flesh. Attracts pollinators; flies and beetles.

25. Plants
Flowers
"What's in a name? That which we call a rose By any other name would smell as sweet."
Romeo and Juliet (II, ii, 1-2)

26. Plants Angiosperms Flowering; seeds enclosed in a fruit
contains the reproductive structures that the fruit develops from.
Flowers are reproductive structures for angiosperms