1. Seeds A 58-64

2. How do seed plants differ? ► Seeds  contains an undeveloped plant and stored food for the young plant  Include: grass, trees, shrubs, and bushes ► Angiosperms  produce flowers ► Gymnosperms  do not produce flowers ► “Angi” is a girl and she likes flowers; “Gym” is a boy and he does not like flowers.

3. ► First angiosperm appeared 150 million years ago  Fruits, vegetables, and grains are angiosperms ► Gymnosperms are the oldest seed plants  Include pine, fir, cedar, and spruce trees  Appeared about 250 million years ago

4. ► Gymnosperms are divided into 4 sections  Conifers, cycads, ginkgoes, and gnetophytes ► Most gymnosperms are evergreens  they only lose a few leaves at a time and constantly replace them ► Others are deciduous  lose all of their leaves in the fall

6. What are angiosperms? ► most recently evolved ► Best-adapted division of seed plants ► About 235, 000 different kinds (largest division of the plant kingdom) ► Live in all climates; in all parts of the world ► A few cannot live on their own  they have little or no chlorophyll  are parasites

8. What are cotyledons? ► Angiosperms are divided into 2 classes based on the number of cotyledons (a tiny leaf like structure inside a seed) ► Monocot  contains only one cotyledon  Over 60,000 different kinds  Corn, rice, wheat, orchids ► Dicots  contains two cotyledons  over 170,000 kinds of dicots  Bean plants, maple trees, rose plants

10. Why do flowers have aromas? ► The aroma of a flower helps it to survive  Some smell nice which attracts insects; the insects pick up pollen and as they move from flower to flower they drop off and pick up pollen which pollinates the flowers so they can reproduce

11. Jack-in-the Pulpit flower