1. Intern 呂佾欣

2. Abstract

3. Introduction

4. Anatomy

5. Nasal bone

6. Cartilage 1 Nasal Bone 1 Nasal Bone 2 Nasal Cartilage 2 Nasal Cartilage 3 Lateral Crus of the Greater Alar Cartilage 3 Lateral Crus of the Greater Alar Cartilage 4 Medial Crus of Greater Alar Cartilage 4 Medial Crus of Greater Alar Cartilage 5 Septal Cartilage 5 Septal Cartilage 6 Lesser Alar Cartilage 6 Lesser Alar Cartilage 7 Nasal maxillary Suture 7 Nasal maxillary Suture 1 3 4 2 5 6 7

7. Septum 2-3mm 2-3mm

8. 1. Septal cartilage 2. Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone 3. Vomer 4. Palatine bone 5. Palatine process of the maxilla

9. Pathogenesis “Open book “ type fracture “Open book “ type fracture

10. Undeviated fracture Undeviated fracture

11. Displacement Displacement

12. Septal fracture Septal fracture

13. Clinical assesment 1st step : 1st step :

14. 2nd step : 2nd step : 1.Degree of bony deformity 2.Soft tissue injury 3.Cartilage deformity

15. X-ray : X-ray : Nasal endoscopy :

16. Treatment Immediate or delay ? Immediate or delay ?

18. Open or Close reduction ? Open or Close reduction ?

19. Tools : Tools :

20. Septoplasty : Septoplasty :

21. Stabilize : Stabilize :

22. Conclusion