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Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 1.

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Presentation on theme: "Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 1."— Presentation transcript:

1 Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 1

2 2 Neutron-induced Reactionsn-TOFCERN

3 Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 3

4 4 Neutron-induced Reactionsn_TOFCERN

5 Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 5 Neutron-induced Reactions

6 Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 6 Nuclear Radius Charged Particle Reactions What is the Gamow Peak?

7 Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 7 Charged Particle Reactions Electron Screening

8 Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 8 Charged Particle Reactions e 2 = 1.44x10 -12 keV.m Tunneling probability: In numerical units: For  -ray emission: Sommerfeld parameter Gamow factor Multipolarity HW 37

9 Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 9 Charged Particle Reactions Nuclear (or astrophysical) S -factor

10 Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 10 Charged Particle Reactions E C = ??

11 Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 11 Resonance Reactions  E   t CN  particle emission   E    E > spacing between virtual states  continuum. (Lower part  larger spacing  isolated resonances). D  bound states   -emission   E   isolated states.

12 Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 12 Resonance Reactions In the 19 F ( p,  ) reaction: The Q-value is 8.??? MeV. The Q-value for the formation of the C.N. is 12.??? MeV. For a proton resonance at 668 keV in the lab system, the corresponding energy level in the C.N. is at 13.??? MeV. If for this resonance the observed gamma energy is 6.13 MeV, what is the corresponding alpha particle energy? If for this resonance there has been no gamma emission observed, what would then be the alpha particle energy? HW 38

13 Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 13 Resonance Reactions Entrance Channel a + X Exit Channel b + Y Compound Nucleus C* Excited State ExEx JJ a + X  Y + bQ > 0 b + Y  X + aQ < 0 Inverse Reaction QM Statistical Factor (  ) Identical particles Nature of force(s). Time-reversal invariance. HW 39

14 Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 14 Resonance Reactions Projectile Target Q-value Projectile Q-value Target Non-resonant Capture (all energies) Resonant Capture (selected energies with large X-section) E  = E + Q - E ex Q + E R = E r

15 Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 15

16 Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 16 Resonance Reactions HW 40 

17 Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 17 Resonance Reactions Damped Oscillator eigenfrequency Damping factor Oscillator strength

18 Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 18 Resonance Reactions Breit-Wigner formula All quantities in CM system Only for isolated resonances. Reaction Elastic scattering HW 41 HW 41 When does  R take its maximum value? Usually  a >>  b.

19 Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 19 Resonance Reactions J a + J X + l = J (-1) l  (J a )  (J X ) =  (J) (-1) l =  (J) Natural parity. Exit Channel b + Y Compound Nucleus C* Excited State ExEx JJ Entrance Channel a + X

20 Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 20 Cross section ECEC    a     Energy What is the “Resonance Strength” …? What is its significance? In what units is it measured? Resonance Reactions Charged particle radiative capture ( a,  ) (What about neutrons?) HW 42

21 Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 21 Resonance Reactions 14 N(p,  ) Q = ?? E C = ?? E R = 2.0 MeV Formation via s -wave protons, Take J = ½,  p = 0.1 MeV, dipole radiation E  = 9.3 MeV,   = 1 eV. Show that  = 0.33 eV. If same resonance but at E R = 10 keV  p = ?? E  = ??   = ?? Show that  = 3.3x10 -23 eV. HW 43 Huge challenge to experimentalists

22 Nuclear and Radiation Physics, BAU, First Semester, 2007-2008 (Saed Dababneh). 22 Resonance J  Estimated Energy (keV)  (  eV) 566 2 + 1.9 3 - 0.15 4 + 0.01 4700 + 0.6 1 - 0.2 Experimental upper limit < 1.7  eV  -transfer reactions Angular distribution 18 O( ,  ) 22 Ne

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