1. Chapter 11 Chemical Reactions 11.2 Types of Chemical Reactions
11.1 Describing Chemical Reactions
11.2 Types of Chemical Reactions
11.3 Reactions in Aqueous Solution
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2. Classifying Reactions
Do Now:
Balance these chemical reactions.
___ C2H4O4 + ___ O2 → ___ CO2 + ___ H2O
___ Ni + ___ H2SO4 → ___ H2 + ___ Ni2(SO4)3
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3. Classifying Reactions
Do Now:
Balance these chemical reactions.
1 C2H4O4 + 1 O2 → 2 CO2 + 2 H2O
Ni + 3 H2SO4 → 3 H2 + 1 Ni2(SO4)3
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4. 5 Types of Chemical Reactions Combination Decomposition
Classifying Reactions
5 Types of Chemical Reactions
Combination
Decomposition
Single-replacement
Double-replacement
Combustion.
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5. A + B AB 2 Mg + O2 2 MgO Combination Reactions
Classifying Reactions
Combination Reactions
Two or more substances react to form a single new substance.
A + B AB
2 Mg + O MgO
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6. A + B AB Combination Reactions
Classifying Reactions
Combination Reactions
Two or more substances react to form a single new substance.
A + B AB +
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7. Combination Reactions
Classifying Reactions
Combination Reactions
When a Group A metal and a nonmetal react, the product is a binary ionic compound.
2K(s) + Cl2(g) → 2KCl(s)
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8. Combination Reactions
Classifying Reactions
Combination Reactions
When two nonmetals react in a combination reaction, more than one product is often possible.
S(s) + O2(g) → SO2(g) sulfur dioxide
2S(s) + 3O2(g) → 2SO3(s) sulfur trioxide
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9. Combination Reactions
Classifying Reactions
Combination Reactions
More than one product may also result from a transition metal and nonmetal.
Fe(s) + S(s) → FeS(s) iron(II) sulfide
2Fe(s) + 3S(g) → Fe2S3(s) iron(III) sulfide
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10. AB A + B 2 BaO 2Ba + O2 Decomposition Reactions
Classifying Reactions
Decomposition Reactions
A single compound breaks down into two or more products.
AB A + B
2 BaO Ba + O2
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11. AB A + B + Decomposition Reactions
Classifying Reactions
Decomposition Reactions
A single compound breaks down into two or more products.
AB A + B +
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12. AB A + B 2H2O2 2H2O + O2 Decomposition Reactions
Classifying Reactions
Decomposition Reactions
A single compound breaks down into two or more products.
AB A + B
2H2O H2O + O2
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13. AB + C AC + B AB + C C B + A Single Replacement Reactions
Classifying Reactions
Single Replacement Reactions
One element replaces a second element in a compound (based on activity series).
AB + C AC + B
AB + C C B + A
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14. AB + C AC + B AB + C C B + A + + Single Replacement Reactions
Classifying Reactions
Single Replacement Reactions
One element replaces a second element in a compound (based on activity series).
AB + C AC + B
AB + C C B + A
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15. AB + C AC + B AB + C C B + A MgCl2 + 2Na Mg + 2NaCl
Classifying Reactions
Single Replacement Reactions
One element replaces a second element in a compound (based on activity series).
AB + C AC + B
AB + C C B + A
MgCl2 + 2Na Mg + 2NaCl
2HCl + F HF + Cl2
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16. Activity Series of Metals
Classifying Reactions
Single-Replacement Reactions
Whether one metal will displace another metal from a compound depends upon the relative reactivities of the two metals.
Activity Series of Metals
Name
Symbol
Lithium Li
Calcium Ca
Sodium Na
Magnesium Mg
Aluminum Al
Zinc Zn
Iron Fe
Lead Pb
Copper Cu
Mercury Hg
Silver Ag
Decreasing reactivity
The activity series of metals lists metals in order of decreasing reactivity.
A reactive metal will replace any metal listed below it in the activity series.
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17. Single-Replacement Reactions
Classifying Reactions
Single-Replacement Reactions
A halogen can also replace another halogen from a compound.
The activity of halogens decreases as you go down Group 7A of the periodic table—fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.
Bromine is more active than iodine, so this reaction occurs:
Br2(aq) + 2NaI(aq) → 2NaBr(aq) + I2(aq)
But bromine is less active than chlorine, so this reaction does not occur:
Br2(aq) + NaCl(aq) → No reaction
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18. AB + CD AD + CB + + Double-Replacement Reactions
Classifying Reactions
Double-Replacement Reactions
Reactant cations exchange places to form new compounds.
AB + CD AD + CB
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19. AB + CD AD + CB Double-Replacement Reactions
Classifying Reactions
Double-Replacement Reactions
Reactant cations exchange places to form new compounds.
AB + CD AD + CB
MgSO4 + K2CO K2SO4 + MgCO3
MgCl2 + 2HNO Mg(NO3)2 + 2HCl
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20. Classifying Reactions
Combustion Reactions
A hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy (in the form of heat and light).
CxHy + O CO2 + H2O
2C8H O2 → 16CO2 + 18H2O
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21. Classifying Reactions
Now that you have learned about some of the basic reaction types, you can predict the products of many reactions.
The number of elements and/or compounds reacting is a good indicator of possible reaction type and, thus, possible products.
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22. END OF 11.2
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