1. Question #1 How can you tell that Organisms are members of the same species?

2. Answer #1 Organisms are members of the same species if they mate with each other and produce fertile offspring.

3. Question #2 How does the fossil record show that species have changed over time?

4. Answer #2 Fossils of types of organisms that no longer exist are found. These fossils form a sequence of change and adaptation of populations of organisms over time.

5. Question #3 Why did the finches Darwin saw on the Galapagos Islands look similar to those he saw in South America? Why did they look a little different?

6. Answer #3 Darwin hypothesized that the island finches were alike because they descended from the same ancestor. Darwin hypothesized that the island finches were different because they had evolved adaptations for their environments.

7. Question #4 Explain Natural Selection.

8. Answer #4 Natural selection is the process by which organisms that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted organisms do.

9. Question #5 Describe the four parts of Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection.

10. Answer #5 1.Overproduction: Every organism can produce more offspring that will likely survive. 2.Inherited Variation: All offspring will have some differences 3.Struggle to Survive: The offspring have to compete with each other and with other organisms around them. 4.Successful Reproduction: Those that are best adapted will probably have more offspring like themselves.

11. Question #6 Identify two ways that organisms can be compared to provide evidence of evolution from a common ancestor.

12. Answer #6 Living organisms can be compared in terms of body structures with other living organisms and with organisms from the fossil record. Also, the DNA of living organisms can be compared.